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• W2079401360 abstract "Since its introduction in 1998 [1], combined PET/CT hasgained clinical acceptance as an oncology imaging modal-ity providing superior accuracy in tumour staging andassessment of oncology therapy response compared to PETor CT alone [2, 3] and to both imaging modalities viewedside-by-side [4, 5]. The PET technology available incombined PET/CT has advanced significantly over theyears and now supports emission imaging of the torso fromhead to mid-thigh with isotropic sub-centimetre resolutionin 10 min, or less. The integration of high-end multidetectorCT in dual modality tomographs marks a trend towardsperforming contrast-enhanced diagnostic CT studies, whichhas progressively increased the clinical relevance ofintegrated PET/CT imaging protocols. Undisputedly, thesechanges in diagnostic pathways require the close collabo-ration and even cross-specialist training of nuclear medicinespecialists and radiologists.With the concurrent evolution of MR imaging technol-ogies and sequences, MR studies can provide a wealth ofdiagnostic information regarding soft-tissue analysis, tu-mour detection, tissue characterization and functionalimaging. It is not uncommon today for patients to undergoan MR study in addition to a PET/CT study as part of theirclinical workup for detection and staging of cancers if soft-tissue characterization and morphological information thatCT alone cannot provide are required. It is, therefore, quiterational to anticipate that combined PET/MR examinationswill potentially become more valuable than PET/CTimaging followed by a complementary MR examination[6] in PET indications where MR outperforms CT. It haseven been suggested that whole-body MR imaging(WBMRI) could replace PET/CT [7]. However, such thesetypes of enthusiastic reports on the excellent diagnosticperformance of stand-alone MR imaging are based mostlyon using diffusion weighted (DW) sequences that showparticularly high sensitivity at the cost of low specificity,and, therefore, may be of limited value in a cost-conscioushealth-care system.Technical innovation in combined PET/MRThe idea of combining PET and MR arose around thesame time that PET/CT was conceptualized. In the early1990s Simon Cherry and Paul Marsden saw a need forPET/MR in small-animal imaging studies to combinehigh soft-tissue contrast with molecular informationprovided by PET [8, 9]. PET/MR was destined to remainin the preclinical arena for another decade until, in 2006,the first simultaneous MR and PET images of the humanbrain were acquired [10]. A major challenge for bringingPET and MR technologies physically together is theinterferences between the high-field magnets and theelectronics of the PET scintillation detectors [11]. Onesolution for PET detectors tobe compatible with MR, is toreplace photomultipliers with avalanche photodiodes(APD) that are less sensitive to magnetic fields, or to usealternative solid-state technologies, which have beenproposed in prototype animal PET systems [12]. It is" @default.
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• W2079401360 date "2011-04-05" @default.
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• W2079401360 title "Whole-body hybrid PET/MRI: ready for clinical use?" @default.
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• W2079401360 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-011-1790-4" @default.
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