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• W2079551471 abstract "Melanoma is the most aggressive and deadly form of skin cancer. The current standard of care produces response rates of less than 20%, underscoring the critical need for identification of new effective, nontoxic therapies. Disulfiram (DSF) was identified using a drug screen as one of the several compounds that preferentially decreased proliferation in multiple melanoma subtypes compared with benign melanocytes. DSF, a member of the dithiocarbamate family, is a copper (Cu) chelator, and Cu has been shown previously to enhance DSF-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis in cancer cells. Here, we report that in the presence of free Cu, DSF inhibits cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis in a panel of cell lines representing primary and metastatic nodular and superficial spreading melanoma. Both decreased cellular proliferation and increased apoptosis were seen at 50–500 nmol/l DSF concentrations that are achievable through oral dosing of the medication. In the presence of Cu, DSF caused activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis as measured by caspase-8 cleavage. The addition of Z-IETD-FMK, a selective caspase-8 inhibitor, was protective against DSF–Cu-induced apoptosis. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to DSF–Cu treatment preceded the induction of apoptosis. Both ROS production and apoptosis were prevented by coincubation of N-acetyl cysteine, a free radical scavenger. Our study shows that DSF might be used to target both nodular and superficial spreading melanoma through ROS production and activation of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis." @default.
• W2079551471 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2079551471 date "2010-02-01" @default.
• W2079551471 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2079551471 title "Disulfiram induces copper-dependent stimulation of reactive oxygen species and activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in melanoma" @default.
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• W2079551471 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/cmr.0b013e328334131d" @default.
• W2079551471 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19966593" @default.
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