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• W2079565554 endingPage "15169" @default.
• W2079565554 startingPage "15160" @default.
• W2079565554 abstract "The visual pigment rhodopsin is unique among the G protein-coupled receptors in having an 11-cis retinal chromophore covalently bound to the protein through a protonated Schiff base linkage. The chromophore locks the visual receptor in an inactive conformation through specific steric and electrostatic interactions. This efficient inverse agonist is rapidly converted to an agonist, the unprotonated Schiff base of all-trans retinal, upon light activation. Here, we use magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy to obtain the 13C chemical shifts (C5−C20) of the all-trans retinylidene chromophore and the 15N chemical shift of the Schiff base nitrogen in the active metarhodopsin II intermediate. The retinal chemical shifts are sensitive to the conformation of the chromophore and its molecular interactions within the protein-binding site. Comparison of the retinal chemical shifts in metarhodopsin II with those of retinal model compounds reveals that the Schiff base environment is polar. In particular, the 13C15 and 15Nε chemical shifts indicate that the C═N bond is highly polarized in a manner that would facilitate Schiff base hydrolysis. We show that a strong perturbation of the retinal 13C12 chemical shift observed in rhodopsin is reduced in wild-type metarhodopsin II and in the E181Q mutant of rhodopsin. On the basis of the T1 relaxation time of the retinal 13C18 methyl group and the conjugated retinal 13C5 and 13C8 chemical shifts, we have determined that the conformation of the retinal C6−C7 single bond connecting the β-ionone ring and the retinylidene chain is 6-s-cis in both the inactive and the active states of rhodopsin. These results are discussed within the general framework of ligand-activated G protein-coupled receptors." @default.
• W2079565554 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2079565554 creator A5005439938 @default.
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• W2079565554 creator A5087656467 @default.
• W2079565554 creator A5087874966 @default.
• W2079565554 date "2009-10-01" @default.
• W2079565554 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
• W2079565554 title "6-<i>s-cis</i> Conformation and Polar Binding Pocket of the Retinal Chromophore in the Photoactivated State of Rhodopsin" @default.
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• W2079565554 doi "https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9034768" @default.
• W2079565554 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2783296" @default.
• W2079565554 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19795853" @default.
• W2079565554 hasPublicationYear "2009" @default.
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