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• W2079649985 abstract "La infección urinaria (IU) nosocomial se relacionafundamentalmente con la utilización de la sonda urinaria (SU). En este capítulo se repasan los mecanismos patogénicos por los cuales los microorganismos alcanzan el tracto urinario, así como la capacidad de adhesion y de formación de biopelículas, lo cual depende tanto del microorganismo como del tipo de SU. En la etiología de la IU del paciente sondado intervienen multiples microorganismos, lo cual dificulta la elección de un tratamiento empírico adecuado, especialmente si se sospecha infección por microorganismos multirresistentes. En el sondado las manifestaciones clínicas son menos características y el diagnóstico, a menudo, difícil. La terapia deberá estratificarse según el tipo de IU; mientras la bacteriuria asintomática no requiere habitualmente de tratamiento, en el paciente con shock séptico la cobertura deberá ser amplia. Se efectúa, asimismo, un amplio repaso de las medidas preventivas. Las infecciones del tracto genital relacionadas con dispositivos protésicos se han asociado fundamentalmente a la utilización de dispositivos intrauterinos (DIU). En este apartado se repasa la epidemiología, la etiología, el tratamiento y la prevención de las infecciones asociadas a la utilización de DIU. Hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) are mainly associated with indwelling urinary catheter use. In this chapter, the pathogenesis of hospital-acquired UTI in catheterized patients, the mechanisms by which microorganisms reach the urinary tract and are able to adhere and form biofilms, and the influence of other risk factors, such as time since catheter insertion and catheter composition, are reviewed. A wide variety of infecting microorganisms can affect patients with urinary catheters, making the choice of an adequate empirical antimicrobial course complex, particularly in cases of suspected multiresistant microorganisms. Moreover, the clinical symptoms are less characteristic in catheter infection and the diagnosis may be difficult. Treatment should be stratified according to the clinical features, which can vary from asymptomatic bacteriuria that may not require treatment, to severe septic episodes that need wide antibiotic coverage. The prevention measures for UTI in permanently catheterized patients are reviewed. Infections of the female genital tract associated with foreign bodies are mainly related to the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs). The epidemiology, microbiology profile, antimicrobial treatment, and prophylaxis of pelvic inflammatory disease related to IUD use in women are also reviewed." @default.
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• W2079649985 date "2008-05-01" @default.
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• W2079649985 title "Infecciones asociadas a dispositivos para drenaje de las vías urinarias. Infecciones del tracto genital relacionadas con los dispositivos protésicos" @default.
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