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• W2080080665 abstract "In vitro ceramide-enriched LDL (CER-LDL) reproduces most of the properties of electronegative LDL (LDL(−)), a heterogeneous subfraction of LDL found in plasma. LDL(−) comprises several modifications of LDL and has an increased content in ceramide (CER). It promotes cytokine release in monocytes through CD14 and TLR4. CER-LDL also induces cytokine release in these cells but the mechanism is unknown. To evaluate TLR4 andCD14 as the putative receptors involved in cytokine release induced by CER-LDL. CER-LDL was obtained by incubating native LDL with CER-enriched liposomes. CER content in CER-LDL was assessed by thin layer chromatography of lipid extracts. CER-LDL and LDL(−) were incubated for 20 h with human monocytes in the presence or absence of a TLR4 signaling inhibitor. Both LDLs were also incubated with two human monocytic cell lines, normal and THP1 overexpressing CD14 (THP1-CD14) cells. The release of IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 was evaluated by ELISA in culture medium. The release of IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 induced by CER-LDL in monocytes was inhibited by VIPER (90% inhibition), a specific TLR4 inhibitor. The cytokine release induced by CER-LDL was negligible in THP1, cells presenting a very low CD14 expression. In contrast, the induction of cytokine release in THP1-CD14 was high and dependent on the CER content in LDL. CER-LDL induces IL-6, IL-10 and MCP-1 release through the activation of CD14 and TLR4 in monocytes, reproducing the behavior of LDL(−). The increased content of CER in LDL(−) is then related to the inflammatory action of LDL(−). La LDL enriquecida in vitro en ceramida (CER-LDL) reproduce varias características atribuidas a la LDL electronegativa (LDL(−)), subfracción heterogénea de LDL presente en circulación que induce la liberación de citoquinas en monocitos mediante CD14 y TLR4. La CER-LDL estimula también la liberación de citoquinas en monocitos, aunque el mecanismo se desconoce. Evaluar si CD14-TLR4 son receptores activados por la CER-LDL para inducir la liberación de citoquinas. La CER-LDL se obtuvo in vitro mediante incubación de LDL nativa con liposomas enriquecidos en CER. El contenido en CER de la CER-LDL fue evaluado mediante cromatografía en capa fina. La CER-LDL y la LDL(−) fueron incubadas 20 h con monocitos humanos en presencia o ausencia de un inhibidor de la señalización de TLR4. También se incubaron con 2 líneas de monocitos humanos, THP1 y THP1, que sobreexpresan CD14 (THP1-CD14). Se evaluaron IL-6, IL-10 y MCP-1 en todos los sobrenadantes celulares mediante ELISA. La liberación de IL-6, IL-10 y MCP-1 inducida por la CER-LDL en monocitos fue inhibida mediante VIPER (90% de inhibición), inhibidor específico de TLR4. Las citoquinas liberadas por la CER-LDL fueron escasas en THP1, células que presentan baja expresión de CD14. Las citoquinas liberadas por la CER-LDL en THP1-CD14 fueron superiores y dependientes del contenido en CER de la LDL. La LDL-CER induce IL-6, IL-10 y MCP-1 a través de la activación de CD14-TLR4 en monocitos, mimetizando a la LDL(−). La acción inflamatoria de la LDL(−) está relacionada con su contenido aumentado en CER." @default.
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• W2080080665 date "2014-05-01" @default.
• W2080080665 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W2080080665 title "Ceramide-enriched LDL induces cytokine release through TLR4 and CD14 in monocytes. Similarities with electronegative LDL" @default.
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• W2080080665 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2013.12.003" @default.
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