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- W2080161463 abstract "Abstract The effect of the minerals of Huadian oil shale on a low-energy input retorting route was studied. This special retorting route was achieved by a self-heating effect, that is, spontaneously increasing retorting temperature in the absence of external heat provision (Guo et al., 2013) [12]. Oil shale was first demineralized with HCl, HNO 3 or HF before used in the self-heating retorting. The oil shales treated with different acids, and their corresponding semicokes attained after retorting were also characterized. The results showed that using HF-treated oil shale produces the best self-heating effect and the highest oil yield. Using HNO 3 -treated oil shale also promotes the self-heating effect. While using HCl-treated oil shale remarkably worsens the self-heating effect, but it gives a higher oil yield than using HNO 3 -treated or raw oil shale. The reasons are also analyzed. Although different acid treatments affect the self-heating effect differently, all the attained oils mainly consist of various hydrocarbons, however, the product distributions are different." @default.
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- W2080161463 date "2014-02-01" @default.
- W2080161463 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2080161463 title "Effect of minerals on the self-heating retorting of oil shale: Self-heating effect and shale-oil production" @default.
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- W2080161463 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.10.058" @default.
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