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• W2081143417 abstract "A basic premise of international systems of diagnosis is that mental illness and health as these have come to be understood in Western societies constitute human universals. A question of central importance is the extent to which the doctrine of cultural relativism applies to their formulation. A tension between universalism and cultural relativism involves the topic of how problems of social and psychologic behavior are configured, enacted, and interpreted cross culturally, and this includes societies of earlier historical periods. That societies and cultures influence mental health and illness raises two related issues. The first is the extent to which this takes place; for example, can societies and cultures manage to shape, mask, hide, and perhaps abort and subvert traditional Western psychiatric disorders and literally create their own? The second involves the extent to which genetic, neurobiologic substrates of bonafide psychiatric disorders manifest in a cross culturally uniform manner. In other words, can an informed diagnostician tease apart the overlay of beliefs, traditions, and emotional dispositions of local varieties of mental health problems and discern or uncover Western criteria? These questions suggest two metaphors of a society as a garden where a diagnostician finds ready-made species of plants as mental illnesses as compared with societies and cultures that essentially sculpt diagnostic forms out of shapeless material. An important consideration in the study of international approaches to mental health and illness involves the existence of alternative diagnostic systems in societies located in different geographic and historical circumstances, the members of which shared distinctive cultures. Setting aside the tension between universalism and cultural relativism, one may project backward in time and conjecture that during earlier phases of history regardless of whether objective parameters of psychiatric disorders were detectable, one would surely not find there the modern perspective on mental health and illness. What did ancient traditions of medicine have to say about these topics? Some of the answers to this question were entertained in the article by Fàbrega. The interesting question pertains to non-Western societies. This article briefly summarizes material about two ancient civilizations in which differences appear to have existed in the way mental health and illness were conceptualized and dealt with." @default.
• W2081143417 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2081143417 creator A5004714530 @default.
• W2081143417 date "2001-09-01" @default.
• W2081143417 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2081143417 title "MENTAL HEALTH AND ILLNESS IN TRADITIONAL INDIA AND CHINA" @default.
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• W2081143417 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70247-1" @default.
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