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• W2081886319 abstract "Abstract In a study undertaken to illustrate the inadequacy of the familiar concept of carbohydrases as hydrolases, crystalline α-amylases from six different sources, as well as crude salivary amylase, were examined and found to catalyze the synthesis of maltose and maltosaccharides from α- d -glucopyranosyl fluoride, a stereoanalog of α- d -glucopyranose. These syntheses apparently involve initial formation of maltosyl fluoride and higher maltosaccharide 1-fluorides, traces of which were found in digests with certain α-amylases. That the reactions are due to the α-amylases themselves and not to some accompanying enzyme(s) appears certain from the purity and diversity of the preparations; their failure (with one exception) to attack α- or β-maltose; the correspondence of the synthesized products with the known specificity of α-amylases for α-1,4- d -glucosidic linkages (and capacity of different α-amylases to hydrolyze saccharides of different sizes). The “saccharifying” α-amylase of B. sublilis var amylosacchariticus was unique in producing maltosaccharides from both α- and β-maltose (i.e., by α- d -glucosyl transfer). However, the entire group of α-amylases had the capacity to promote α- d -glucosyl transfer from α- d -glucosyl fluoride to C4-carbinol sites, demonstrating for the first time that the catalytic range of α-amylase extends beyond hydrolysis and its reversal. Indeed, all transferred the glucosyl group of α- d -glycosyl fluoride preferentially to C4-carbinols rather than water—a finding neither anticipated nor explained by the representation of α-amylases as hydrolases. The results demonstrate the need to recognize that α-amylases and other hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, together with the glycosyl transferases, form a great class of interrelated enzymes whose action is precisely defined as the catalysis of glycosylation (i.e., of glycosyl-hydrogen interchange) and which, therefore, may be designated as “Glycosylases.”" @default.
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• W2081886319 date "1971-01-01" @default.
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• W2081886319 title "The α-amylases as glycosylases, with wider catalytic capacities than envisioned or explained by their representation as hydrolases" @default.
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• W2081886319 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(71)90297-9" @default.
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