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- W2084248110 abstract "Oxysterols, such as 7β-hydroxy-cholesterol (7β-OH) and cholesterol-5β,6β-epoxide (β-epoxide), may have a central role in promoting atherogenesis. This is thought to be predominantly due to their ability to induce apoptosis in cells of the vascular wall and in monocytes/macrophages. Although there has been extensive research regarding the mechanisms through which oxysterols induce apoptosis, much remains to be clarified. Given that experimental evidence has long associated alterations of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis to apoptotic cell death, the aim of the present study was to determine the influence of intracellular Ca2+ changes on apoptosis induced by 7β-OH and β-epoxide. Ca2+ responses in differentiated U937 cells were assessed by epifluorescence video microscopy, using the ratiometric dye fura-2. Over 15-min exposure of differentiated U937 cells to 30 μM of 7β-OH induced a slow but significant rise in fura-2 ratio. The Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine and the chelating agent EGTA blocked the increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+. Moreover, dihydropyridine (DHP) binding sites identified with BODIPY-FLX-DHP were blocked following pretreatment with nifedipine, indicating that the influx of Ca2+ occurred through L-type channels. However, following long-term incubation with 7β-OH, elevated levels of cytoplasmic Ca2+ were not maintained and nifedipine did not provide protection against apoptotic cell death. Our results indicate that the increase in Ca2+ may be an initial trigger of 7β-OH–induced apoptosis, but following chronic exposure to the oxysterol, the influence of Ca2+ on apoptotic cell death appears to be less significant. In contrast, Ca2+ did not appear to be involved in β-epoxide–induced apoptosis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:324–332, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20295" @default.
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- W2084248110 date "2009-09-01" @default.
- W2084248110 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
- W2084248110 title "The role of calcium in apoptosis induced by 7β-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol-5β,6β-epoxide" @default.
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- W2084248110 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.20295" @default.
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