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• W2085172617 abstract "Internationalizing research and development is often advocated as a strategy for fostering the development of technological capabilities. Although firms conduct international R&D to tap into knowledge bases that reside in foreign countries, we argue that in order to benefit from international R&D investments firms must already possess research capabilities in underlying or complementary technologies. We examine the international R&D expansion activities, research capabilities, and patent output of 65 Japanese pharmaceutical firms from 1980 to 1991. We find that firms benefit from international R&D only when they possess existing research capabilities in the underlying technologies. In addition to refining our understanding of when international R&D enhances firm innovation, our results integrate asset-seeking and asset-based theories of foreign direct investment. Internationalizing R&D to tap into foreign knowledge bases is consistent with asset-seeking theories of foreign direct investment, while the contingent nature by which firms benefit from international R&D is consistent with asset-based theories of foreign direct investment and the notion of absorptive capacity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd." @default.
• W2085172617 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2085172617 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W2085172617 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2085172617 title "Does international research and development increase patent output? An analysis of Japanese pharmaceutical firms" @default.
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• W2085172617 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.436" @default.
• W2085172617 hasPublicationYear "2004" @default.
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