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- W2085544550 abstract "We report here Bismuth (Bi) measurements in recent snow and ancient ice from Central Greenland. The results indicate that during the last 26,000 years, the relative importance of the different sources of atmospheric Bi has strongly varied. From ∼26,000 to ∼20,000 years ago, Bi mainly originated from both rock and soil dust (∼50%) and volcanic activity (∼50%). Bi concentration in ice was ∼1 pg g−1. From ∼20,000 to ∼8000 years ago, Bi concentration decreased down to very low values close to 0.03 pg g−1 while the Bi/Al ratio strongly increased up to ∼40×10−6 indicating that other sources became predominant. Rock and soil dust contribution strongly decreased to represent only ∼5%. Volcanism stays at that time the main contributor of Bi. Finally, Bi concentrations remained very low from ∼8000 to 6000 years ago, with contribution from rock and soil dust reaching again ∼50%. Bi contribution from volcanism fall down to ∼0.015 pg g−1 and represent ∼50% of natural sources. Enhanced Bi concentrations are observed for ice and snow dated from the time of the fallout from known major volcanic events such as the big eruption of Laki (1783–1784). During this last event, ∼0.14 metric tonnes of volcanic Bi were deposited onto the Greenland ice sheet. During the last three decades, Bi/Al ratio is as high as ∼25×10−6, i.e. ∼6 times natural Holocene values. This recent increase is attributed to the influence of anthropogenic emissions from oil and coal combustion, refuse incineration and ferromanganese alloys and aluminium production." @default.
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- W2085544550 date "2000-01-01" @default.
- W2085544550 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
- W2085544550 title "Natural and anthropogenic bismuth in Central Greenland" @default.
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- W2085544550 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00257-5" @default.
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