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• W2085684731 abstract "Agmatine, decarboxylated from arginine by arginine decarboxylase, is particularly prominent in the hypothalamus. The present study utilized the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system to determine expression and pre-synaptic modulation of agmatine in the central nervous system (CNS). Under confocal-laser scanning, agmatine-like immunoreactivity (Agm-LI) was found enriched in arginine-vasopressin (AVP)-containing magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nuclei (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN). In addition, using electron microscopy, Agm-LI was found closely associated with large neurosecretory-like vesicles in neurohypophysial nerve terminals of posterior pituitary gland. Radioimmunoassay revealed that 10 and 30 microM agmatine concentration-dependently inhibited the depolarization-evoked AVP release from isolated neurohypophysial terminals. Using perforated patch-clamp, effects of agmatine on whole-terminal voltage-gated ion currents in the isolated neurohypophysial nerve terminals were examined. While it did not significantly affect either tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive Na(+) or sustained Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel currents, agmatine (1-40 microM) inhibited Ca(2+) channel currents in approximately 53% of the total nerve terminals investigated. The onset of inhibitory effect was immediate, and the inhibition was reversible and concentration-dependent with an IC(50)=4.6 microM. In the remaining (approximately 47%) neurohypophysial nerve terminals, only a higher (120 microM) concentration of agmatine could moderately inhibit Ca(2+) channel currents. The results suggest that: (1) endogenous agmatine is co-expressed in AVP-containing, hypothalamic magnocellular neurons of the SON/PVN and in neurohypophysial nerve terminals of posterior pituitary gland; (2) agmatine may serve as a physiological neuromodulator by regulating the voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel and, as a result, the release of AVP from neurohypophysial nerve terminals." @default.
• W2085684731 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2085684731 date "2002-04-01" @default.
• W2085684731 modified "2023-10-10" @default.
• W2085684731 title "Evidence for endogenous agmatine in hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract and its modulation on vasopressin release and Ca2+ channels" @default.
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• W2085684731 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02260-6" @default.
• W2085684731 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11911858" @default.
• W2085684731 hasPublicationYear "2002" @default.
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