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• W2086221611 endingPage "2496" @default.
• W2086221611 startingPage "2487" @default.
• W2086221611 abstract "Th1 and Th2 cells produce different cytokines and have distinct functions. Th1/Th2 cell differentiation is influenced, among other factors, by the nature of TCR-MHC interactions. However, how the TCR transduces a signal resulting in IFN-gamma or IL-4 production is a matter of debate. For example, some authors reported a loss of calcium signaling pathway in Th2 cells. We used a T cell hybridoma producing IL-4 upon weak TCR stimulation and both IL-4 and IFN-gamma for strong TCR engagement as a model to study how TCR signaling pathways are differentially activated in both conditions of stimulation and how this influences the production of cytokines. We show that: (1) the calcium response is identical following weak and strong TCR stimulation; (2) mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) activation is a gradual phenomenon depending upon the strength of TCR activation; (3) a calcium response, even weak, triggers IL-4 expression; (4) IFN-gamma synthesis requires not only a calcium response but also MAPK activation. The MAPK pathway is dispensable for IL-4 production, although it amplifies IL-4 synthesis upon strong TCR stimulation; (5) TCR-induced IL-4 production also depends on calcium signaling in Th2 cells, while IFN-gamma synthesis is dependent, in addition, on MAPK activation in Th1 cells." @default.
• W2086221611 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2086221611 date "2001-08-01" @default.
• W2086221611 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
• W2086221611 title "Weak TCR stimulation induces a calcium signal that triggers IL-4 synthesis, stronger TCR stimulation induces MAP kinases that control IFN-γ production" @default.
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• W2086221611 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4141(200108)31:8<2487::aid-immu2487>3.0.co;2-l" @default.
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