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- W2087788375 abstract "The surface composition, in terms of sugar and fat content, on untempered and over-tempered chocolates was estimated by carefully scraping the surface layer and analyzing fat and sugar melting enthalpies by differential scanning calorimetry. The dull surface of over-tempered chocolate had a fat and sugar composition similar to the initial chocolate mass, whereas the surface bloom formed on untempered chocolate was nearly depleted of fat, containing primarily sugar and cocoa solids. This was confirmed qualitatively by using polarized light microscopy, where no fat crystals could be observed in the bloom spots. Bloom on untempered chocolate corresponded to a phase separation between fat, sugar and cocoa solids. In contrast, the grey, dull aspect of the surface of over-tempered chocolate had essentially the same sugar-to-fat ratio as the intact chocolate and was due to a diffuse reflection of light on a rough surface, most likely induced by large cocoa butter crystals. Bloom on untempered chocolate developed regardless of the relative humidity of storage (between 0 and 75%). However, bloom developed more quickly and to a greater extent at lower relative humidity. Whiteness was directly related to the number, diameter and growth speed of the white bloom spots." @default.
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- W2087788375 date "2006-02-01" @default.
- W2087788375 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2087788375 title "Surface bloom on improperly tempered chocolate" @default.
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- W2087788375 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200500260" @default.
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