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- W2088973742 abstract "Acoustic studies of school-aged children’s fricatives have demonstrated that those gestures are not as precisely specified as in adult speech [e.g., S. Nittrouer, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 97, 520–530 (1995)]. The current study examined the development of English fricatives at younger ages by audiotaping seven children at 2-month intervals from the onset of first words (around 14 months) to the onset of three-word sentences (around 30 months). Two measures were made: the numbers of words produced with intended /s/ and /sh/ in initial and final word positions were counted, and first through fourth spectral moments were derived for each /s/ and /sh/ noise at each recording session. Fricatives were rare until after 24 months of age. /s/ was produced earlier than /sh/, and /s/ was produced in word-final before word-initial position. The first moments of /s/ and /sh/ were similar, and both resembled those of /sh/ spectra produced by slightly older children. Spectral skewness and kurtosis were produced with the same degree of separation for /s/ and /sh/ as those of adults, but values were more negative. Results suggest that these children were starting to develop mature spectral shapes for /s/ and /sh/. [Work supported by NIDCD Grant No. DC-00633.]" @default.
- W2088973742 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2088973742 date "2006-05-01" @default.
- W2088973742 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2088973742 title "Fricative development in English‐learning children" @default.
- W2088973742 doi "https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4786843" @default.
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