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- W2090928900 abstract "Levetiracetam (LEV) is a prominent antiepileptic drug that binds to neuronal synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A protein and has reported effects on ion channels, but with a poorly defined mechanism of action. We investigated inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> (Ca<sub>V</sub>) channels as a potential mechanism through which LEV exerts effects on neuronal activity. We used electrophysiological methods to investigate the effects of LEV on cholinergic synaptic transmission and Ca<sub>V</sub> channel activity in superior cervical ganglion neurons (SCGNs). In parallel, we investigated the effects of the inactive LEV <i>R</i>-enantiomer, (<i>R</i>)-α-ethyl-2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide (UCB L060). LEV but not UCB L060 (each at 100 μM) inhibited synaptic transmission between SCGNs in long-term culture in a time-dependent manner, significantly reducing excitatory postsynaptic potentials after a ≥30-min application. In isolated SCGNs, LEV pretreatment (≥1 h) but not short-term application (5 min) significantly inhibited whole-cell Ba<sup>2+</sup> current (I<sub>Ba</sub>) amplitude. In current-clamp recordings, LEV reduced the amplitude of the afterhyperpolarizing potential in a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent manner but also increased the action potential latency in a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent manner, which suggests additional mechanisms associated with reduced excitability. Intracellular LEV application (4–5 min) caused rapid inhibition of I<sub>Ba</sub> amplitude, to an extent comparable to that seen with extracellular LEV pretreatment (≥1 h). Neither pretreatment nor intracellular application of UCB L060 produced any inhibitory effects on I<sub>Ba</sub> amplitude. These results identify a stereospecific intracellular pathway through which LEV inhibits presynaptic Ca<sub>V</sub> channels; resultant reductions in neuronal excitability are proposed to contribute to the anticonvulsant effects of LEV." @default.
- W2090928900 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2090928900 date "2012-05-03" @default.
- W2090928900 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2090928900 title "The Synaptic Vesicle Glycoprotein 2A Ligand Levetiracetam Inhibits Presynaptic Ca<sup>2+</sup> Channels through an Intracellular Pathway" @default.
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- W2090928900 doi "https://doi.org/10.1124/mol.111.076687" @default.
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