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• W2091212135 abstract "En estas casi tres décadas de epidemia de infección por VIH, se han ido desarrollando estrategias para disminuir el riesgo de transmisión cuando una persona no infectada se pone en contacto con el VIH. Uno de los hitos clave fue la demostración de que la utilización de zidovudina desde el segundo trimestre de embarazo, durante el parto y durante unas semanas en el recién nacido disminuyó el riesgo de trasmisión vertical de la infección por VIH de 25 a 8%. Posteriormente, estas estrategias se han ido perfeccionando hasta conseguir tasas de transmisión vertical por debajo del 1%. Casi de una forma simultánea se han ido desarrollando estrategias para intentar disminuir el riesgo de transmisión de la infección tras accidentes ocupacionales laborales, y en los últimos años la profilaxis postexposición no ocupacional ha sido un campo de especial preocupación. Incluso en este último año se han publicando distintas experiencias de profilaxis preexposición que están generando un intenso debate sobre su aplicabilidad. En este artículo sintetizamos el estado del arte en la prevención de transmisión vertical y la profilaxis postexposición ocupacional y no ocupacional, desde una perspectiva de aplicación en el mundo desarrollado. Revisamos asimismo, los datos publicados respecto a profilaxis preexposición. In these almost thirty years since the epidemic of HIV infection strategies have been developed to decrease the transmission risk when a non-infected person comes into contact with HIV. One of the key landmarks was the use zidovudine was shown to reduce the risk of HIV infection by vertical transmission from 25% to 8% when given from the second trimester of pregnancy, during partum and for several weeks in the newborn. These strategies have been subsequently perfected until achieving vertical transmission rates less than 1%. Almost at the same time, strategies have been developed in an attempt to reduce the risk of transmission of infection after occupational accidents and, in the last few years prophylaxis after non-occupational exposure has been a field of particular concern. Even in this past year several experiments on pre-exposure prophylaxis have been published, which are generating an intense debate on is applicability. In this article, we analyse the state of the art in the prevention of vertical transmission and occupational and non-occupational prophylaxis, from a perspective of applying this in the developed world. We also review the published data on pre-exposure prophylaxis." @default.
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• W2091212135 date "2011-10-01" @default.
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• W2091212135 title "Prevención de la transmisión del VIH (vertical, ocupacional y no ocupacional)" @default.
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• W2091212135 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimc.2011.05.006" @default.
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