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- W2091674920 abstract "A stochastic simulation model was used to study the effects of the strength of prevailing wind ( W ), the size/shape ( Q ) of sampling quadrats and their orientation in relation to the prevailing wind direction ( D ) on spatial statistics describing plant diseases. Spore dispersal followed a half‐Cauchy distribution with median distance μ , which depended on simulated wind speed. The relationship of spatial autocorrelation at distance k ( ρ k ) to disease incidence ( p ) and distance was well described by a four‐parameter ( α , β 1 , β 2 , β 3 ) power‐law model; at a given p , ρ k declined exponentially with distance. A total of 35 different quadrat sizes, ranging from 4 to 432 plants, were used to sample the simulated epidemics for estimating intraclass correlation ( κ ). The κ ‐values decreased exponentially with increasing quadrat size; a binary power law model with three parameters ( α 1 , β 4 , β 5 ) successfully related κ to p . In general, the effect of W and D was greatest on the parameters α , β 1 , β 2 and β 3 . The effect of W on α , β 1 , β 2 and β 3 depended critically on the spatial pattern of initial infected plants ( Y ); W had greatest effect for the random pattern. In contrast, the main effect of D and its interaction with W on the parameters α , β 1 , β 2 and β 3 were large and consistent over different initial conditions. Variations in α 1 , β 4 and β 5 were predominantly due to Y and Q . Only for β 5 under the clumped pattern was the effect of W very large. For the parameters α 1 , β 4 and β 5 there was a large interaction among W , Q and D for the clumped and regular patterns. As expected, in general, the effect of D increased with increasing prevailing wind strength, quadrat size and quadrat length : width ratio. Using square quadrats reduced significantly the effect of W on the parameters α 1 , β 4 and β 5 ; however, the effect of W on β 5 was still very large for the clumped pattern. Sampling perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction generally resulted in larger differences in the nine estimated parameters." @default.
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- W2091674920 date "2001-04-01" @default.
- W2091674920 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2091674920 title "Effects of Prevailing Wind Direction on Spatial Statistics of Plant Disease Epidemics" @default.
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- W2091674920 doi "https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2001.00591.x" @default.
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