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- W2092625879 abstract "Background: Miniaturization of electronic components might allow the development of a new type of wireless endoscopy. Advances in complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) technology allow high quality video images to be transmitted with much lower power consumption than with charge coupled devices (CCDs). Small bowel endoscopy is currently limited by problems of discomfort and failure to advance far into the small-bowel. Aim: To develop and test wireless capsule endoscopy. Methods: Using a CMOS imaging chip, miniature processor, white light emitting diode (LED) light source, short focal length lens, miniature transmitter and antenna powered by silver oxide batteries, a wireless capsule endoscope (Given Imaging) was constructed measuring 11 x 33 mm. Results: The video images were transmitted using a radio-frequency signal (approx. 410 MHz) at a rate of two frames per second to an array of aerials attached to the body which allowed image capture and were also used to calculate the position of the capsule in the body. The images were stored on a portable recorder carried on a belt and subsequently downloaded for analysis. The system allowed more than 5 hours of recording of images from the gastrointestinal tract. Live transmission of good quality video images were obtained for 6 hour periods in dogs. With ethical committee approval the first human volunteer studies were performed. The capsule was easily swallowed and caused no discomfort whatsoever. The capsule, propelled by peristalsis, successfully transmitted video images from the whole of the small bowel and reached the cecum in under 2 hours. The image window remained clear through out the whole of the transmissions. Trigonometric analysis of signal strength allowed continuous monitoring of anatomic endoscope position. Clear video images of the human small bowel were recorded from the pylorus to cecum. Conclusion: This study reports the development of a new type of endoscopy which for the first time allows painless endoscopic imaging of the whole of the small bowel for prolonged periods. Its development, testing and first application in man is described. Background: Miniaturization of electronic components might allow the development of a new type of wireless endoscopy. Advances in complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) technology allow high quality video images to be transmitted with much lower power consumption than with charge coupled devices (CCDs). Small bowel endoscopy is currently limited by problems of discomfort and failure to advance far into the small-bowel. Aim: To develop and test wireless capsule endoscopy. Methods: Using a CMOS imaging chip, miniature processor, white light emitting diode (LED) light source, short focal length lens, miniature transmitter and antenna powered by silver oxide batteries, a wireless capsule endoscope (Given Imaging) was constructed measuring 11 x 33 mm. Results: The video images were transmitted using a radio-frequency signal (approx. 410 MHz) at a rate of two frames per second to an array of aerials attached to the body which allowed image capture and were also used to calculate the position of the capsule in the body. The images were stored on a portable recorder carried on a belt and subsequently downloaded for analysis. The system allowed more than 5 hours of recording of images from the gastrointestinal tract. Live transmission of good quality video images were obtained for 6 hour periods in dogs. With ethical committee approval the first human volunteer studies were performed. The capsule was easily swallowed and caused no discomfort whatsoever. The capsule, propelled by peristalsis, successfully transmitted video images from the whole of the small bowel and reached the cecum in under 2 hours. The image window remained clear through out the whole of the transmissions. Trigonometric analysis of signal strength allowed continuous monitoring of anatomic endoscope position. Clear video images of the human small bowel were recorded from the pylorus to cecum. Conclusion: This study reports the development of a new type of endoscopy which for the first time allows painless endoscopic imaging of the whole of the small bowel for prolonged periods. Its development, testing and first application in man is described." @default.
- W2092625879 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2092625879 date "2000-04-01" @default.
- W2092625879 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2092625879 title "4467 Wireless endoscopy." @default.
- W2092625879 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5107(00)14314-7" @default.
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