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• W2093015959 abstract "The excised, dark-adapted retinas of four vertebrates [bluegill fish (Lepomis macrochirus), leopard frog (Rana pipiens), white leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus), and the white laboratory rat (Rattus rattus)], and of one invertebrate (Octopus bimaculatus), were examined by electronic respirometry to test the effect of darkness and flicker light (10 flashes/sec) on oxygen uptake. In all cases but one, respiration in flicker light was lower than in darkness. The reverse was true in the octopus retina. Further experiments were performed on the frog retina which tested the effect of a number of compounds on respiration. Of those that are known to be present in retinas, 10 μm- and 100 μm-gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) decreased oxygen uptake to the level normally found in flicker light, and 10 μm- and 100 μm-acetylcholine (ACh) increased oxygen uptake to the level normally found in darkness. When the effect of various drugs was tested on respiration, both 100 μm-d-Tubocurarine and atropine reversed the normal pattern of respiration, with the frog retinas absorbing oxygen faster in the light than in the dark. Eserine inhibited the effect of flicker light, and 3-pyrazolidone, the cyclic form of hydrazinopropionic acid a compound with structural similarity to GABA, had the same inhibitory effect as did GABA. On the strength of these data and observations reported in the literature, we suggest a possible mechanism for the regulation of respiration in darkness and light based on control by ACh and GABA. The normal respiratory photic effect was observed in the presence of 10 mm-aspartic acid, but ACh, GABA and atropine had no effect on either the PII or PIII components of the electroretinogram. We therefore conclude that the light-activated events to be seen on the electroretinogram cannot be caused by the respiratory changes that are induced in the retina by light or darkness. Their possible relationship to the visual process is discussed." @default.
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• W2093015959 date "1975-06-01" @default.
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• W2093015959 title "The effect of light on the respiration of retinas of several vertebrate and invertebrate species with special emphasis on the effects of acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid on the frog retina" @default.
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• W2093015959 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4835(75)90220-1" @default.
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