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• W2093415823 abstract "Abstract Synaptic actions of γ‐amino butyric acid (GABA) have been implicated in many facets of ethanol's effects and risk for alcoholism. We examined whether variation in glutamate decarboxylase‐2 ( GAD2 ), a gene encoding for a major enzyme in the synthesis of GABA, contributes to risk of alcohol dependence (AD). We screened GAD2 for sequence variants using dHPLC in a population of 96 individuals. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including four rare non‐synonymous polymorphisms, were identified. Thirteen SNPs located in the GAD2 gene were genotyped in a sample of 113 Russian males with AD and 100 Russian male controls. These analyses revealed a modest association between the functional GAD2 −243 A > G SNP (rs2236418) and AD (allele P = 0.038, genotype P = 0.008). An additional sample of 138 Russian males with AD were genotyped for the GAD2 −243 A > G. These analyses supported an association of this polymorphism with AD (combined sample allele P = 0.038, genotype P = 0.0009). We extended these findings to additional populations: a sample of 538 college students assessed using the AUDIT and a sample of European–American (EA) AD subjects (n = 235) and controls (n = 310). Analyses in these populations did not support a role for GAD2 in alcoholism. In summary, the results of an extensive search for an association of GAD2 with AD suggest that variation in GAD2 is not a major risk factor for AD in EAs. The functional promoter GAD2 −243 A > G variant may influence risk for AD in some populations, or its role may be limited to susceptibility to severe AD. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc." @default.
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• W2093415823 date "2006-10-10" @default.
• W2093415823 modified "2023-10-12" @default.
• W2093415823 title "Mutation screen of theGAD2 gene and association study of alcoholism in three populations" @default.
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• W2093415823 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.30377" @default.
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