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• W2093602604 abstract "Schizophrenia is a biologically based disorder characterised by false perceptions (hallucinations) and false beliefs (delusions). The underlying physiological cause of these mental abnormalities remains unknown. There is increasing evidence that one class of symptom, the ‘made experiences’ including delusions of alien control and thought insertion, is associated with abnormalities in the mechanism that predicts the outcome of intended actions (the forward model). For these patients active movements feel like passive movements. As a result these patients do not feel in control of their actions. However, comparison with various neurological disorders, such as those associated with parietal lobe lesions, suggest that this abnormal experience is not sufficient to explain the feeling that some other agent is controlling is one's actions. Preliminary evidence suggests that patients with schizophrenia have an exaggerated sense of agency. In combination with the feeling of not being in control, this exaggerated sense of agency could explain delusions of alien control in which the patient attributes his own actions to another agent. Little is yet know about the neural basis of the predictive mechanisms that create the feeling that we are in control of our movements. Such prediction requires integration of information about intended movements generated in frontal cortex with sensory processing in posterior regions of the brain. Measures of functional connectivity suggest that long-range interactions between frontal and posterior regions are abnormally reduced in patients with schizophrenia. Further research is needed to explore the precise involvement of long-range connections in the mechanisms of forward modelling. To cite this article: C. Frith, C. R. Biologies 328 (2005). La schizophrénie est un désordre d'origine biologique, caractérisé par des perceptions fausses (hallucinations) et des croyances erronées (délires). La cause physiologique sous-jacente à ces anomalies mentales demeure inconnue. Il semble de plus en plus établi qu'une classe de symptômes, les « expériences vécues », incluant les délires de contrôle extérieur et d'insertion de pensée, est associée à des anomalies du mécanisme de prédiction de la survenue d'actions intentionnelles (modèle forward). Pour ces patients, les mouvements actifs sont comme les mouvements passifs. Il en résulte qu'ils ne se sentent pas en mesure de contrôler leurs actions. Toutefois, la comparaison avec divers désordres neurologiques, tels ceux associés à des lésions du lobe pariétal, suggère que cette expérience anormale ne suffit pas à expliquer le sentiment que quelque autre agent contrôle ses propres actions. Des données préliminaires indiquent que les patients souffrant de schizophrénie ont un sens exagéré de l'action. Combiné au sentiment de ne pouvoir se contrôler, ce sens exagéré de l'action pourrait expliquer les illusions de contrôle extérieur qui font que le patient attribue ses propres actions à un autre agent. On ne sait toujours que peu de choses quant à la base neurale des mécanismes prédictifs qui créent le sentiment que nous contrôlons nos mouvements. Une telle prédiction exige que les informations sur les mouvements intentionnels engendrées dans le cortex frontal soient intégrées au traitement sensoriel dans les régions postérieures du cerveau. Des mesures de connectivité fonctionnelle suggèrent que des interactions à longue distance entre les régions frontale et postérieure sont anormalement réduites chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie. Des recherches plus approfondies seront nécessaires pour explorer l'implication précise de ces connections longues dans les mécanismes de modélisation forward. Pour citer cet article : C. Frith, C. R. Biologies 328 (2005)." @default.
• W2093602604 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2093602604 date "2005-02-01" @default.
• W2093602604 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
• W2093602604 title "The neural basis of hallucinations and delusions" @default.
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• W2093602604 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2004.10.012" @default.
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