FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2094814501> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2094814501 endingPage "232" @default.
• W2094814501 startingPage "228" @default.
• W2094814501 abstract "ECOLOGY OF HUMAN HEMIC CELLS EDWIN E. OSGOOD* The purpose ofthis paper is to emphasize and illustrate the importance of thinking in terms of an ecology of cells in planning and interpreting all experiments with cells either in culture or in vivo. Ecology may be defined as the interaction ofliving things with each other and with thelr total environment.Twodramaticillustrations ofthe importance ofecology in the mammalian body are the marrow transplant experiments [i] which show that cells injected intravenously grow not primarily in the lungs, where the greatest number lodge, but in the blood-forming organs, and the observation that malignant tumors have a predilection for particular sites ofspontaneous metastases [2] or growth [3] ifexperimentally injected intravenously. Our concepts of the alpha-2 alpha, alpha-?, and n-2n cell divisions in a multicellular organism, which we now regard as established [4-^7], aids in understanding these interactions. To make our concept completely general , we call the cell capable ofdivision which remains immature to divide again the alpha cell. This cell alone makes possible culture, transplants, or malignancies. Ifthe alpha-2 alpha division occurs, the population and all products ofthese cells will double. This cell alone maintains somatic genetic continuity. Such alpha-2 alpha divisions occur at long, unequal intervals during growth [8] but may occur at frequent, equal intervals in the single- * Division ofExperimental Medicine, University ofOregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon This research was supported in part by grants from the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Contract AT(45-i)-58r, the U.S. Public Health Service, National Cancer Institute grant CY-3374, and the Medical Research Foundation ofOregon. This paper was presentedat the Conference on Blood-Bone Marrow Tissue Culture and Cell Separation, October 20, 1961, in Bethesda, Maryland,joindy sponsored by the National Cancer Institute and Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The author is indebted to all those from the Division ofExperimental Medicine at the University ofOregon Medical School whose names appear in the references cited for their contributions to this paper. 228 Edwin E. Osgood · Ecology ofHuman Hemic Cells Perspectives in Biology and Medicine · Winter 1963 celled organism or in culture. In the healthy adult, essentially all divisions are ofthe alpha-? variety—one cell matures and dies and the other remains immature as an alpha cell. However, n-2n divisions may also occur—both cells mature and die but, ofcourse, are lost to all genetic continuity. For each such n-2n division, the alpha-? division must be at twice the interval otherwise necessary to maintain a steady ratio of? cells to alpha cells. The primary regulator of growth is a pair of specific inhibitors feeding back from the ? cell ofa series to an alpha cell ofthe same series. Inhibitors of alpha-2 alpha divisions are produced early in the life span of the ? cell, and the inhibitor ofthe alpha-? division is produced late in the life span of the ? cell. The letter ? was chosen for this cell since one can divide this table l Ecologic Factors Major CategoriesSubcategories Physical factors (soil) ....... Space, time, surface, fluid suspension, viscosity of media, flow rates, shearing forces, charge distribution, radiation Microclimate (gradient). . . .Temperature, pH, O3 tension, COi tension, oxidation-reduction potential, osmolarity, colloid osmolarity Essential nutrients .........H2O, amino acids, dextrose, lipids, electrolytes, trace elements, vitamins Bioenvironment...........Adjacent cells and their products; Specific: inhibitors (alpha-2 alpha, alpha-?), accelerators, or antibodies; Less specific: hormones, inducers, organizers; Nonspecific: blood flow, lymph flow, membrane permeability, cell density; Infection Pharmacologic............Agent, dose rate= concentration/time life span into as many stages as desired. The number ofcells will be proportionate to the duration of time in that stage when there is essentially no reproduction ffigs. 3 to 7 in ref. 5], just as there are approximately eight times as many children in a primary school of eight grades as there are children in die fourth grade. The major groups ofecologic factors which must be considered in every tissue culture experiment and in all thinking about living cells in the body are outlined in Table 1 opposite die major categories shown. The subdivisions ofthe categories are far from complete and, ofcourse, it would take a bookto summarize the subdivisions ofthe pharmacologic categories. Table 2 summarizes measurable criteria ofthe..." @default.
• W2094814501 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2094814501 creator A5040810666 @default.
• W2094814501 date "1963-01-01" @default.
• W2094814501 modified "2023-10-17" @default.
• W2094814501 title "Ecology of Human Hemic Cells" @default.
• W2094814501 cites W1482200802 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2023006575 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2023875956 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2049309654 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2049635962 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2060956349 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2079071560 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2355331809 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W2411520984 @default.
• W2094814501 cites W3101675151 @default.
• W2094814501 doi "https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.1963.0038" @default.
• W2094814501 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5900015" @default.
• W2094814501 hasPublicationYear "1963" @default.
• W2094814501 type Work @default.
• W2094814501 sameAs 2094814501 @default.
• W2094814501 citedByCount "3" @default.
• W2094814501 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2094814501 hasAuthorship W2094814501A5040810666 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C137858568 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C144024400 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C1491633281 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C149923435 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C159110408 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C18903297 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C2775944032 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C2908647359 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C49453240 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C54355233 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C64943373 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C71924100 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C74318829 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C85813293 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConcept C86803240 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C137858568 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C144024400 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C1491633281 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C149923435 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C159110408 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C18903297 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C2775944032 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C2908647359 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C49453240 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C54355233 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C64943373 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C71924100 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C74318829 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C85813293 @default.
• W2094814501 hasConceptScore W2094814501C86803240 @default.
• W2094814501 hasIssue "2" @default.
• W2094814501 hasLocation W20948145011 @default.
• W2094814501 hasLocation W20948145012 @default.
• W2094814501 hasOpenAccess W2094814501 @default.
• W2094814501 hasPrimaryLocation W20948145011 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W1502365069 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W1909702956 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2151514107 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2163903195 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2181453173 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2476390134 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2932966045 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W3002980065 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W70671237 @default.
• W2094814501 hasRelatedWork W2182368475 @default.
• W2094814501 hasVolume "6" @default.
• W2094814501 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2094814501 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2094814501 magId "2094814501" @default.
• W2094814501 workType "article" @default.