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• W2095229065 abstract "s of Oral Presentations / Clinical Neurophysiology 125, Supplement 1 (2014) S1–S339 S31 confirmed Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Physical assessment was performed using the motor function measurement (MFM) scale. Quantitative magnet resonance imaging (qMRI) of thigh muscles was performed using the two-point Dixon method. One year functional and imaging changes were different according to the age and walking abilities at inclusion (group 1: below the age of seven; group 2: seven years and older and ambulant; group 3: non-ambulant). While patients of the first group still showed improvement of motor abilities, in group 2 the largest effect size (1.2) was found in the D1 subscore (standing and transfer function) of the MFM, and in group 3 the largest effect size was found for the total MFM score (0.66). In contrast, the effect sizes using qMRI was much larger consisting of 1.6 in group 1 (all thigh muscles), 4.1 in group 2 (hamstrings), and 2.3 in group 3 (knee extensors). These data suggest that qMRI has an added value compared to clinical outcome measures when designing therapeutic clinical trials in patients with DMD. Power analysis suggest that there are only a few needed patients to show an effect of a putative novel treatment when using quantitive muscle MRI in DMD. O11 Estimation of the muscle fiber density from the motor unit action potential I. Goker1, T. Artug2, O. Osman2, B. Baslo3 1Istanbul Arel University, Biomedical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Istanbul Arel University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey; 3Istanbul University, Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey Introduction: The aim of this study is the estimation of the muscle fiber density (FD) from the Motor Unit Action Potentials (MUAP) to form a method for monitoring the progress of neuromuscular diseases. Methods: Data groups representing motor units of neurogenic (n=5), myopathic (n=5) and healthy cases (n=5) were created via EMG Simulator v3.6. MUAPs generated from each data group have been detected through a concentric needle electrode of a scanning EMG system. The spikes of the single fiber action potentials within the MUAPs have been found by computing the second-order derivative of MUAPs to estimate the detected number of fibers. MUAPs from 20 different locations within a Motor Unit Territory (MUT) have been acquired. The fiber density (FD) has been computed by taking the average of these numbers of fibers. True FDs have been computed for each MUT. Mean Square Errors (MSE) have been computed for each data group to determine the sensitivity of the method. Results: The test statistics of the FDs (mean ± SD) have been found as 4.13±1.31 (Min: 2 and Max: 8), 2.37±0.98 (Min: 1 and Max: 5) and, 2.40±0.70 (Min: 1 and Max: 4) for neurogenic, myopathic and healthy cases respectively. Mean true fiber densities have been 5.66, 2.57 and 1.50 and MSE have been 4.02, 0.15 and, 0.86 for neurogenic, myopathic and healthy cases respectively. These MSE values have been suggested that this method is more selective for myopathic cases compared to neurogenic and healthy cases. Conclusion: Computation of FD via the second-order derivative of MUAPs can be considered as a beneficial preliminary research. Nevertheless, this method might be extended by taking into account other variables such as maximum amplitude to increase the sensitivity for neurogenic cases. References: [1] Stalberg E., and, L. Karlsson, Simulation of the normal concentric needle electromyogram by using a muscle model, Clinical Neurophysiology, Vol. 112, pp. 464-471, 2001. [2] Kimura, J., Electrodiagnosis in the Disease of Nerve and Muscle, Oxford University Press, New York, 2001. O12 Exercise training restores the regenerative potential of injured skeletal muscle via activation of endogenous stem cells L. Kassem1, N. ElHadary1, M. Zikri1,2 1German university Cairo, Physiology, New Cairo City, Egypt; 2Faculty of medicine-Cairo university, Histology, Cairo, Egypt Background: Skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a serious clinical problem arising as consequence of vascular thrombosis, limb trauma and is endowed with 10-20% rate of amputation. Satellite cells are myogenic progenitors that offer new source of myonuclei for muscle repair upon injury. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of swimming exercise on the ability of muscle to regenerate via activation of its endogenous stem cells and its impact on muscle performance in model of IRI. Methods: 40 rats were divided into 4 groups: I; control, II; IRI with 2 hours ischemia and 2 hours reperfusion, III; IRI and left for 2 weeks recovery, IV; exercise trained groups for 2 months prior to IRI and allowed 2 weeks to recover. Muscle performance was evaluated by measuring [peak twitch tension (Pt), peak tetanic tension (PTT) and fatigue resistance time (FR)]. CD34, marker for satellite cells, was assessed using immunostaining and the area % of CD34 +ve cells was determined using image analysis. Area of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) positive immunoexpression, indicating activated satellite cells was also detected. Assessment of the area of regenerating fibers was performed in H&E stained sections. Results: IRI induced significant muscle damage that was reflected by subsequent decrease in Pt and PTT and shortening in the FR time. After 2 weeks, few +ve CD34 spindle and oval cells among atypical muscle fibers as well as areas of αSMA were detected and partial improvement in the contractile forces and FR were noticed. In the exercise trained group (IV), multiple +ve spindle cells at the periphery of muscle fibers and more obvious αSMA immunoexpression were detected in typical muscle fibers. There was also marked improvement in the mechanical muscle performance in group IV than in group III. This was further supported by higher significant increase in the area of regenerating fibers in group IV as compared to group III and II. Conclusion: IRI induced significant muscle damage. The process for normal muscle repair for 2 weeks following IRI was not able to restore the normal structure and function in the regenerated muscle. Exercise training activates the satellite cells and enhances the regenerative potential of the injured muscle with almost complete restoration of its mechanical contractile performance. Epilepsy and consciousness O13 Brain’s gamma oscillations: a new strategy to analyze functional correlates and cognitive impairment E. Basar, E. Tuelay, B. Guentekin Istanbul Kueltuer University, Brain Dynamics, Cognition and Complex Systems Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey Question: The search of functional correlates of oscillatory gamma responses is one of the major themes in cognitive function and cognitive impairment. However, the results often lead to controversies. The present study introduces a new comparative analysis of gamma responses between simple light stimulation and cognitive stimulation by means of P300 oddball paradigm. Responses were determined in multiple sub-gamma bands. Methods: EEGs of 13 healthy subjects were recorded at 32 locations. The spectral analysis of evoked and event related gamma (25-48 Hz) oscillations (EROs) were analyzed in four different time windows (0-150 ms, 200-400 ms, 400-600 and 600-800 ms) by evaluation of inter-trial coherence and event related oscillations in 25-30 Hz, 30-35 Hz and 40-48 Hz frequency bands. Results: Application of ANOVA showed that target stimulation elicited higher gamma phase locking values than simple light in the 200-400 ms (p<0.003), 400-600 ms (p<0.003) time windows in frontal locations. The difference between cognitive stimulation and sensory stimulation is seen mostly in the 200-400 ms and 600-800 ms time windows. Parietal EROs showed delays of approx. 100-150 ms in comparison to occipital and frontal locations. Moreover, cognitive signals elicited additive higher frequency responses. Conclusions: The applied strategy allows a better differentiation of functional correlates by reducing controversies. Therefore, analysis of cognitive impairment will attain new dimensions, especially in Alzheimer’s disease." @default.
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• W2095229065 date "2014-06-01" @default.
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• W2095229065 title "O10: Effect size of quantitative muscle imaging in Duchenne muscular dystrophy exceeds the effect size of clinical scores of muscle function" @default.
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