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- W2095444144 abstract "In-situ surface chlorophyll concentrations (usually with phaeopigment) in the Pacific and Indian ocean sectors of the Subantarctic water ring (between the Subtropical Convergence and the Polar Front) are collated and reviewed. Offshore and away from hydrographic fronts, most means are only between 0.1 and 0.3 mg m−3, in spite of persistently high nutrients (N, P), and show little seasonality, in contrast to many Antarctic waters and the temperate-subpolar North Atlantic at the same range of latitude. Cell division rates can be expected to be high relative to the temperature-set maximum, and community net production is positive, at least during the summer, with some export of carbon. During the summer half of the year, the pigment concentrations are independent of mixed-layer depth (at least to 275 m), and, hence, of algal division rates. Also the relatively high winter pigment means, most between 0.10 and 0.15 mg m−3 even in the southern parts, show that underwater irradiance does not affect pigment concentration on the seasonal and regional average. Based on inferences from Antarctic bioassays and the enhanced dust supply in the Subantarctic, lack of iron is unlikely to cause directly the low chlorophyll levels, but probably is the reason for the dominance by small-celled phytoplankton. In homology to the offshore Subarctic and equatorial Pacific, grazing is postulated proximately to maintain the low pigment concentrations. These persistently low concentrations, coupled with relatively high cell division rates, entail low phytoplankton production rates that cannot outrun the physical supply of nutrients, thus allowing persistently high nutrient concentrations (N, P) to be maintained. The enhanced rate of primary production during the summer seems only to appear as enhanced concentrations of large zooplankton. In fronts, on island shelves, and downstream from New Zealand, however, phytoplankton blooms of large cells suggest that increased iron supply leads to a different community composition and dynamics and, presumably, at the islands to a temperate seasonal cycle. Much of the Atlantic Subantarctic is apt to be similar to the Indian and Pacific sectors, as is the permanently ice-free outer belt of the entire Antarctic. Thus, the offshore small-celled phytoplankton in these regions, more than a tenth of the global ocean area, appears to consist year-round of “grazer-controlled populations in an iron-limited ecosystem” (phrase used by NM Price and colleagues)." @default.
- W2095444144 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2095444144 creator A5078602985 @default.
- W2095444144 date "1996-01-01" @default.
- W2095444144 modified "2023-10-18" @default.
- W2095444144 title "Low seasonality of low concentrations of surface chlorophyll in the Subantarctic water ring: underwater irradiance, iron, or grazing?" @default.
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