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• W2095718076 abstract "AME Aquatic Microbial Ecology Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsSpecials AME 59:111-124 (2010) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01391 Growth and grazing of microzooplankton in response to the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo in prey mixtures Sylvia L. Graham, Suzanne L. Strom* Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University, 1900 Shannon Point Road, Anacortes, Washington 98221, USA *Corresponding author. Email: suzanne.strom@wwu.edu ABSTRACT: Microzooplankton grazers may play a role in regulating blooms of the ichthyotoxic alga Heterosigma akashiwo. This study tested the effects of H. akashiwo, when part of a mixed-prey assemblage, on the growth and feeding of microzooplankton. Laboratory cultures of 3 ciliates, Favella sp., Metacylis sp., and Strombidinopsis acuminatum, were exposed to reciprocal concentrations of H. akashiwo and a non-toxic prey, at saturating prey concentrations. Heterosigma akashiwo was toxic to Favella sp. and Metacylis sp. when H. akashiwo was the sole prey species; however, this toxicity was eliminated in the mixed-prey treatments, likely because of avoidance of H. akashiwo and selective feeding on non-toxic prey. In contrast, the growth rate of S. acuminatum was unaffected by H. akashiwo. Both Favella sp. and S. acuminatum ingested H. akashiwo but selected against the alga when other prey was available. In addition, natural planktonic communities, collected from East Sound, Orcas Island, northern Puget Sound, in September and October 2007, were exposed to bloom-level concentrations of H. akashiwo. Abundances of the major microzooplankton types, primarily ciliates and Gyrodinium/Gymnodinium dinoflagellates, were unaffected by H. akashiwo, although slight changes in grazer size structure did occur. Heterosigma akashiwo was harmful to the smallest grazers, mainly aloricate ciliates and small Gyrodinium/Gymnodinium dinoflagellates, and beneficial to larger Gyrodinium/Gymnodinium dinoflagellates that were able to ingest and grow on the alga. The alga was not consumed by the majority of grazers. Preferential feeding on alternate prey reduces toxic effects of H. akashiwo on microzooplankton. Avoidance of H. akashiwo by a major group of grazers would promote bloom formation by reducing H. akashiwo mortality and focusing community grazing pressure on potential competitor species. KEY WORDS: Heterosigma akashiwo · Microzooplankton · Harmful algal blooms · Favella · Metacylis · Strombidinopsis Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Graham SL, Strom SL (2010) Growth and grazing of microzooplankton in response to the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo in prey mixtures. Aquat Microb Ecol 59:111-124. https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01391 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AME Vol. 59, No. 2. Online publication date: March 31, 2010 Print ISSN: 0948-3055; Online ISSN: 1616-1564 Copyright © 2010 Inter-Research." @default.
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• W2095718076 title "Growth and grazing of microzooplankton in response to the harmful alga Heterosigma akashiwo in prey mixtures" @default.
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