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- W2095959291 abstract "This paper describes a planetary sample return launcher based on the PILOT microsatellite launcher developed by the U.S. Navy at China Lake in 1958. Developed in response to the launch of Sputnik 1, PILOT contained no moving parts (no gyros, no control surfaces, no thrust vector control) and only solid rocket motors. It was dropped from the wing of a fighter plane in a high-altitude climb and the first stage lofted it above the atmosphere. With slightly canted fins to make the rocket roll, it had a gyroscopic moment, but atmospheric drag acting on the fins kept the vehicle axis roughly tangent to the trajectory. At the apex a horizon sensor triggered the burn of two rocket stages which together achieved orbital velocity of 8500 m/s. A last stage was mounted backwards inside the payload. The spin of the payload kept it stabilized inertially in space, and thus the final stage was correctly oriented along the trajectory after half an orbit, where a timer fired it to give the apogee kick needed to put the satellite into a long-life orbit. This approach became known to this author since the project manager of PILOT happened to be this author's father." @default.
- W2095959291 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2095959291 date "2001-07-08" @default.
- W2095959291 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2095959291 title "Miniature ascent vehicles derived from the Navy's air-launched satellite developed in 1958" @default.
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- W2095959291 doi "https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2001-3879" @default.
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