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• W2097238768 abstract "Introduction Hafeeza is just one of the thousands of dowry victims whose experiences symbolise the harsh reality for many women living in Bangladesh. She was attacked by her husband just days after her marriage. Angry, he beat her and dragged her by her hair along the roadway. The violence was ongoing. Once my father-in-law became sick, I was three months pregnant. My husband said he needed money to treat his father, asked me to [fetch] ... my unpaid dowry. My family couldn't get any money to give him, so he beat me, again and again.... I was sick ... [and] left my job. My husband became so angry. He said, 'Why did you leave the job without my permission? I don't want that child, I want money. Eat this medicine and let the child die, so you can go to work again' (Ariyathilaka 2009, 70-71). Dowry has been one of the leading causes of torture of women in Bangladesh. (2) The Dowry Prohibition Act 1980 (the Act) outlaws dowry with a maximum penalty of 5 years imprisonment, and safeguard from physical abuses is repeatedly affirmed in several pieces of legislation (Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh 1972, art 35(5); Penal Code 1860 ss 324-331). Women's dignity as core value of human rights law is deeply entrenched in numerous international instruments under which Bangladesh also assumes affirmative obligations to respect and ensure this right. (3) Despite this, dowry-related cruelty is endemic. In 2011 alone, dowry-related violence claimed 325 lives and resulted in 7,079 incidents of dowry-harassment (Haq 2012). This represents only a fraction of total dowry-victims since women are very reluctant to unearth their 'hidden wounds' publicly for several reasons, including loss of family honour and privacy, fear of in-law reprisals and poor access to inadequate and costly legal remedies (Begum 2005a, 228-229). Further, in a substantial number of cases, influential perpetrators act with impunity due to corruption and victims are left with virtually no legal recourse (Begum 2009, 178-179). The underlying cause of this rising trend of violence, notwithstanding the existence of a series of positive statutes, necessitates an exploration of factors affecting the origins and development of dowry and how it is addressed in Bangladesh. I argue that law's failure to recognise a number of crucial aspects of dowry--including a range of serious flaws in the Act and the 'softness' of the current enforcement procedure--significantly contributes to the nourishment of dowry. This article explores dowry through an analysis of the Act with special reference to a number of legal provisions in India and the USA and recommends the reconceptualisation of laws to redress women's sufferings in abusive marital relationships. Before advancing with this discussion, it is, however, important to acknowledge that despite legislative changes and progressive attempts by the judiciary, dowry or other spousal abuses still persist in those jurisdictions. Nevertheless, it is evident that awareness of dowry/domestic abuses and for the need for legal sanctions to combat it has been raised higher than ever before and the law does have a significant contribution to achieve this end. Additionally, strengthening legal regime may not be a panacea for redressing dowry in Bangladesh, and some socio-economic factors may remain dominant perpetuating dowry. Yet, this should neither outweigh the necessity for legal changes nor is it practicable to address all socio-economic aspects of dowry in a single study. This article is predominantly based on my doctoral research which drew on investigations that I undertook among NGOS and in different courts where I collected dowry-related cases, and on relevant materials from both primary and secondary legal resources. The discussion begins with a brief exploration of the socio-cultural context of the evolution of the concept of dowry and its broad acceptance in Bangladesh. Socio-cultural and Legal Context in Bangladesh Traditionally, Bangladesh has been run along the line of a patriarchal social system (4) which, as elsewhere in the world, has promoted an unequal power relation, a rigid division of labour and gender roles (Begum 2012, 571-573). …" @default.
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• W2097238768 date "2014-08-01" @default.
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• W2097238768 title "Dowry in Bangladesh: A Search from an International Perspective for an Effective Legal Approach to Mitigate Women's Experiences" @default.
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