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• W2099580424 abstract "No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Dec 2011Expression and Distribution of the Sweet Taste Receptor Isoforms T1R2 and T1R3 in Human and Rat Bladders Ruth A. Elliott, Shalini Kapoor, and Douglas G. Tincello Ruth A. ElliottRuth A. Elliott More articles by this author , Shalini KapoorShalini Kapoor More articles by this author , and Douglas G. TincelloDouglas G. Tincello More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.07.083AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: Artificial sweeteners augment bladder contraction. We hypothesized that artificial sweeteners activate sweet taste receptors in the bladder. Thus, we investigated the expression of sweet taste receptors in human and rat bladders. Materials and Methods: Sections of human and rat bladders were cut from paraffin blocks and stained by immunohistochemistry for the expression of T1R2/3 sweet taste receptors. Bladder homogenates were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, followed by immunoblotting for T1R2/3 receptor expression. Rat bladder strips with and without urothelium were suspended in organ baths. The contractile response to 10 Hz electrical field stimulation was determined in the absence and presence of saccharin (Sigma-Aldrich®) (10−8 to 10−3 M). Responses to KCl in the absence and presence of saccharin, and saccharin plus zinc were also determined. Results: T1R2/3 sweet taste receptors were expressed in human and rat bladder urothelium. Immunostaining was evident in the plasma membrane of the 3 urothelial cell types, particularly umbrella cells. Immunoblotting revealed bands at expected molecular weights in human and rat bladder homogenates. Saccharin augmented rat bladder smooth muscle contraction due to electrical field stimulation only when urothelium was present in the bladder strip. Zinc blocked the enhancing effect of saccharin on responses to KCl. Conclusions: T1R2/3 sweet taste receptors are expressed in human and rat bladder urothelium. Activation of these receptors by artificial sweeteners may result in augmented bladder contraction. References 1 : The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society: Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn2002; 21: 167. Google Scholar 2 : Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study. Eur Urol2006; 50: 1306. Google Scholar 3 : Overactive bladder significantly affects quality of life. Am J Manag Care2000; 6: S580. 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Google Scholar 10 : Human receptors for sweet and umami taste. PNAS2002; 99: 4692. Google Scholar 11 : Sweet taste receptor expressed in pancreatic β-cells activates the calcium and cyclic amp signaling systems and stimulates insulin secretion. PLoS ONE2009; 4: 1. Google Scholar 12 : Sweet taste receptors in rat small intestine stimulates glucose absorption through apical GLUT2. J Physiol2007; 582: 379. Google Scholar 13 : T1R3 and gustducin in gut sense sugars to regulate expression of Na+-glucose co-transporter 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A2007; 104: 15075. Google Scholar 14 : Sweet taste signalling functions as a hypothalamic glucose sensor. Front Integ Neurosci2009; 3: 1. Google Scholar 15 : Inhibition of taste nerve responses to sugars and amino acids by cupric and zinc ions in mice. Chem Senses1986; 11: 79. Google Scholar 16 : Oral zinc sulphate solutions inhibit sweet taste perception. Chem Senses2004; 29: 513. Google Scholar 17 : The effect of zinc on human taste perception. J Food Sci2003; 68: 1871. Google Scholar 18 : The receptors and cells for mammalian taste. Nature2006; 444: 288. Google Scholar 19 : Mammalian sweet taste receptors. Cell2001; 106: 381. Google Scholar 20 : Receptors and transduction in taste. Nature2001; 413: 219. Google Scholar 21 : Changes in IP3 and cytosolic Ca2+ in response to sugars and non-sugar sweeteners in transduction of sweet taste in the rat. J Physiol1996; 490: 325. Google Scholar 22 : The urothelium in overactive bladder: passive bystander or active participant. Urology2004; 64: 7. Google Scholar 23 : Urinary monitoring of saccharin and acesulfame-k as biomarkers of exposure to these additives. Food Addit Contam1999; 16: 227. Google Scholar 24 : Urothelium-derived inhibitory factor(s) influences on detrusor muscle contractility in vitro. Br J Pharmacol2000; 129: 416. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine, Reproductive Sciences Section, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 186Issue 6December 2011Page: 2455-2462 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Keywordstaste receptorstype 1urinary bladderurinary bladderoveractiveurotheliumsaccharinAcknowledgmentsA. H. Taylor, Leicester University, provided human spleen tissue sections.MetricsAuthor Information Ruth A. Elliott More articles by this author Shalini Kapoor More articles by this author Douglas G. Tincello More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ..." @default.
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• W2099580424 title "Expression and Distribution of the Sweet Taste Receptor Isoforms T1R2 and T1R3 in Human and Rat Bladders" @default.
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