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• W2099807777 abstract "The presence of grazing cattle near open waterways has created environmental concerns related to the potential for water contamination. In Florida the removal of cattle from grazing landscapes or decreasing stocking density is being investigated as one option to improve the quality of surface water runoff draining into Lake Okeechobee, Florida. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of stocking rate on cow-calf performance, forage availability and quality, and ranch economic performance. Experimental pastures were established on a southern Florida cow-calf operation with stocking rates of 0.58, 1.01, and 1.35 ha·cow-1 on summer pastures and 0.93, 1.62, and 2.16 ha·cow-1 on winter pastures, corresponding to high, medium, and low rates, respectively. The study was conducted over 4 consecutive production years. Cow body condition scores (BCS), pregnancy rate, and calf average daily gain were used as measures of animal performance. Forage utilization was estimated by measuring the difference between forage yield inside and outside grazing exclusion cages and forage quality by crude protein and in vitro organic matter digestibility. Forage yield, utilization, and quality were not significantly affected by stocking rate. Although statistically not significant (P = 0.17), cattle in the high stocking rate experienced a numerically greater loss of BCS following the winter grazing period, but stocking rate did not affect pregnancy rate or calf gains. Production (kg weaned calves·ha-1) was increased (P < 0.01) for a high stocking rate compared with medium and low stocking rates. Overall ranch profitability will decrease as stocking rates decline. Ranch revenues decrease one-for-one as stocking rates decrease. At the same time, unit cow costs increase at an increasing rate as fewer brood cows are left to support the ranch's fixed cost structure. La presencia de ganado apacentando cerca de las vías acuáticas ha creado una preocupación ambiental relacionada con el potencial de contaminación del agua. En Florida, la remoción del ganado de los pastizales o la disminución de la densidad de carga animal están siendo investigadas como una opción para mejorar la calidad del agua del escurrimiento superficial que drena en el lago Okeechobee en Florida. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los efectos de la carga animal en el comportamiento productivo del binomio vaca-becerro, la disponibilidad y calidad del forraje y los aspectos económicos del rancho. Las praderas experimentales se establecieron en el sur de Florida en un rancho dedicado al sistema vaca-becerro con cargas animal de 0.58, 1.01, y 1.35 ha·vaca-1 para las praderas de verano y de 0.93, 1.62, y 2.16 ha·vaca-1 para las praderas de invierno, que corresponden a cargas alta, media y baja respectivamente. El estudio se condujo durante cuatro años productivos consecutivos. La clasificación de la condición corporal (BCS), tasa de preñez y las ganancias de peso diarias promedio de los becerros se usaron como medidas del comportamiento animal. La utilización del forraje fue estimada midiendo la diferencia entre el rendimiento de forraje dentro y fuera de jaulas de exclusión y la calidad del forraje determinando la proteína cruda y la digestibilidad in vitro de la materia orgánica. El rendimiento de forraje, la utilización y calidad no fueron afectadas significativamente por la carga animal. Aunque estadísticamente las diferencias no fueron significativas (P = 0.17), el ganado en la carga alta experimentó una pérdida numéricamente mayor de la condición corporal después periodo de apacentamiento en invierno, pero la carga animal no afectó la tasa de preñez o la ganancia de peso de los becerros. La producción (kg de becerro destetado·ha-1) se incrementó (P < 0.01) en la carga animal alta en comparación con las cargas media y baja. La rentabilidad global del rancho decrecerá conforme la carga animal disminuye. Los ingresos del rancho disminuyen al uno por uno conforme la carga animal disminuye. Al mismo tiempo, los costos unitarios por vaca se incrementan al aumentar la carga y conforme una pocas vacas con cría son dejadas para soportar la estructura fija de costos del rancho." @default.
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• W2099807777 date "2007-01-01" @default.
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• W2099807777 title "Integrating Ranch Forage Production, Cattle Performance, and Economics in Ranch Management Systems for Southern Florida" @default.
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