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- W2100062225 abstract "We show how single-molecule unzipping experiments can provide strong evidence that the zero-force melting transition of long molecules of natural dsDNA should be classified as a phase transition of the higher-order type (continuous). Toward this end, we study a statistical-mechanics model for the fluctuating structure of a long molecule of dsDNA, and compute the equilibrium phase diagram for the experiment in which the molecule is unzipped under applied force. We consider a perfect-matching dsDNA model, in which the loops are volume-excluding chains with arbitrary loop exponent $c$. We include stacking interactions, hydrogen bonds, and main-chain entropy. We include sequence heterogeneity at the level of random sequences; in particular, there is no correlation in the base-pairing (bp) energy from one sequence position to the next. We present heuristic arguments to demonstrate that the low-temperature macrostate does not exhibit degenerate ergodicity breaking. We use this claim to understand the results of our replica-theoretic calculation of the equilibrium properties of the system. As a function of temperature, we obtain the minimal force at which the molecule separates completely. This critical-force curve is a line in the temperature-force phase diagram that marks the regions where the molecule exists primarily as a double helix versus the region where the molecule exists as two separate strands. We compare our random-sequence model to magnetic tweezer experiments performed on the $48text{ }502$ bp genome of bacteriophage $ensuremath{lambda}$. We find good agreement with the experimental data, which is restricted to temperatures between 24 and $50text{ }ifmmode^circelsetextdegreefi{}text{C}$. At higher temperatures, the critical-force curve of our random-sequence model is very different for that of the homogeneous-sequence version of our model. For both sequence models, the critical force falls to zero at the melting temperature ${T}_{c}$ like ${|Tensuremath{-}{T}_{c}|}^{ensuremath{alpha}}$. For the homogeneous-sequence model, $ensuremath{alpha}=1/2$ almost exactly, while for the random-sequence model, $ensuremath{alpha}ensuremath{approx}0.9$. Importantly, the shape of the critical-force curve is connected, via our theory, to the manner in which the helix fraction falls to zero at ${T}_{c}$. The helix fraction is the property that is used to classify the melting transition as a type of phase transition. In our calculation, the shape of the critical-force curve holds strong evidence that the zero-force melting transition of long natural dsDNA should be classified as a higher-order (continuous) phase transition. Specifically, the order is 3rd or greater." @default.
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- W2100062225 date "2009-05-28" @default.
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- W2100062225 title "DNA unzipping phase diagram calculated via replica theory" @default.
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- W2100062225 doi "https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.79.051923" @default.
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