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• W2100147343 abstract "Upon ascending to the presidency January 1969, Richard Nixon commented that he had inherited a war not of his making from his predecessor, Lyndon B. Johnson.(1) Admittedly, the United States faced an increasingly difficult situation Vietnam at the time of Nixon's election. Yet, Nixon was being too modest by assigning responsibility for the war Vietnam to the Johnson administration alone. Indeed, during his years in the wilderness as a private citizen following his defeat the 1962 California gubernatorial election, Nixon consistently criticized Johnson's Vietnam policy. As a respected voice foreign affairs and as arguably the Republican Party's leading spokesman on Vietnam, Nixon forced the administration to acknowledge and respond to his rhetoric, which spurred Johnson to greater involvement the war. Thus, Nixon should be held at least partially responsible for the situation he confronted on his inauguration; he helped to create it. Nixon's hawkishness on the Vietnam conflict during 1964-66 has been largely ignored by students of the war.(2) Given Nixon's role the denouement of the war--and indeed America's involvement Southeast Asia during virtually the entire period from Dien Bien Phu 1954 to the fall of Saigon 1975--an understanding of Nixon's views during the years preceding his election seems critical to a complete understanding of Nixon's presidential decisions on Vietnam. This article will address those issues, focusing specifically on Nixon as a critic of America's Vietnam policies during the Johnson administration's escalation of the American presence the conflict Southeast Asia. In addition, it will examine and reaffirm the importance of domestic politics the making and understanding of U.S. foreign policy.(3) Rising from the Ashes On November 7, 1962, Richard Nixon's political career appeared to be at an end. Having just been defeated by Pat Brown the California gubernatorial election, the former vice president declared, You won't have Nixon to kick around anymore, sounding like a man who planned to fade into the footnotes of history. Yet, Nixon returned almost immediately to the public spotlight and began his long journey back into contention for the presidency. First, he relocated to New York an effort to establish a base for his political ambitions. He then became the senior partner an old, conservative, and respected Wall Street law firm, which enabled him to rub shoulders with domestic and international VIPs from business and politics. Nixon also began to travel extensively, making contacts with foreign dignitaries, enhancing his knowledge of foreign affairs, and honing his rhetorical and campaign skills.(4) As a visible New York attorney, Nixon positioned himself an ideal situation for a political comeback. He could criticize political insiders without being responsible for the consequences of his actions. His nonincumbency gave him an important advantage over Johnson particular. He was free to state his objections to policy without having to account to Congress or the electorate. Nixon had the luxury of being forthright, unencumbered by the restraints of office.(5) As a result, he could rehabilitate his public image without running the risk of losing another election or being rebuked by an official constituency. In Lyndon Johnson, he had a convenient and stationary target. Constrained by the demands of the presidency and preoccupied with building the Great Society and other domestic political concerns, Johnson could not afford to devote all of his personal and institutional resources to foreign policy and Vietnam--and indeed did not want to do so.(6) Nixon, on the other hand, could hammer away at the administration's indecisiveness and lack of initiative. Despite these handicaps, Johnson retained the advantages of his office. The president of the United States has the ability to set the national agenda and to focus attention away from problems--if those problems do not become too critical or pressing. …" @default.
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• W2100147343 date "1999-06-01" @default.
• W2100147343 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
• W2100147343 title "A Voice from the Wilderness: Richard Nixon and the Vietnam War, 1964-1966" @default.
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• W2100147343 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/1741-5705.00036" @default.
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