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- W2100745369 endingPage "1005" @default.
- W2100745369 startingPage "996" @default.
- W2100745369 abstract "Bladder exstrophy–epispadias complex (BEEC) is a complex and debilitating congenital disease. Familial and twin studies suggest a possible genetic component in BEEC pathogenesis. Bladder mesenchyme (detrusor) development requires induction by a signal from bladder urothelium, and we and others have shown the Shh–Gli–Bmp4 signalling pathway is likely to be involved. P63 is a master regulator in epithelial stratification and is expressed in urothelium. We have shown that p63 knock-out mice undergo excessive urothelial apoptosis. Failure of mesenchymal induction by epithelium leads to BEEC. We further demonstrated that insertion/deletion (in/del) polymorphisms (1 base pair (bp) ins and 4 bp ins., and 12 bp del) in the ΔNP63 promoter reduce transcriptional efficiency, and are associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of BEEC in humans. Furthermore, a Genome-Wide Expression Profiling (GWEP) study suggests possible involvement of PERP in human BEEC. Intriguingly, PERP is a direct target of p63 during development, and is also involved in epithelial stratification. PERP co-localizes with desmosome, and both PERP and desmosome are essential for maintaining tissue integrity by cellular adhesion and epithelial stratification. A recent study showed that PERP and desmosome expression levels are abnormal in human BEEC patients. This review describes the role of the P63 > PERP > desmosome pathway in the development of human bladder during embryogenesis. We hypothesize that disruption of this pathway may increase the risk of BEEC." @default.
- W2100745369 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2100745369 creator A5015773853 @default.
- W2100745369 creator A5025603599 @default.
- W2100745369 creator A5026571233 @default.
- W2100745369 creator A5079884952 @default.
- W2100745369 creator A5086102745 @default.
- W2100745369 date "2013-12-01" @default.
- W2100745369 modified "2023-10-16" @default.
- W2100745369 title "New insights into the pathogenesis of bladder exstrophy–epispadias complex" @default.
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