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- W2101121415 endingPage "3769" @default.
- W2101121415 startingPage "3745" @default.
- W2101121415 abstract "Forces generated by goldfish keratocytes and Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts have been measured with nanonewton precision and submicrometer spatial resolution. Differential interference contrast microscopy was used to visualize deformations produced by traction forces in elastic substrata, and interference reflection microscopy revealed sites of cell-substratum adhesions. Force ranged from a few nanonewtons at submicrometer spots under the lamellipodium to several hundred nanonewtons under the cell body. As cells moved forward, centripetal forces were applied by lamellipodia at sites that remained stationary on the substratum. Force increased and abruptly became lateral at the boundary of the lamellipodium and the cell body. When the cell retracted at its posterior margin, cell-substratum contact area decreased more rapidly than force, so that stress (force divided by area) increased as the cell pulled away. An increase in lateral force was associated with widening of the cell body. These mechanical data suggest an integrated, two-phase mechanism of cell motility: (1) low forces in the lamellipodium are applied in the direction of cortical flow and cause the cell body to be pulled forward; and (2) a component of force at the flanks pulls the rear margins forward toward the advancing cell body, whereas a large lateral component contributes to detachment of adhesions without greatly perturbing forward movement." @default.
- W2101121415 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2101121415 creator A5047241542 @default.
- W2101121415 creator A5063651312 @default.
- W2101121415 creator A5073339764 @default.
- W2101121415 date "1999-11-01" @default.
- W2101121415 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2101121415 title "Keratocytes Generate Traction Forces in Two Phases" @default.
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- W2101121415 doi "https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.11.3745" @default.
- W2101121415 hasPubMedCentralId "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/25676" @default.
- W2101121415 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10564269" @default.
- W2101121415 hasPublicationYear "1999" @default.
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