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- W2101712700 abstract "The spray form development from a state of the art multi-hole injector for gasolinedirect injection internal combustion engines is examined to attempt to determine thethermo-fluid dynamics affecting the spray development. The current state of knowledgeregarding spray break-up and the interactivity of the factors on spray form are detailed.The spray under investigation was injected into purposely designed quiescent chambersto decouple the effects of the fluid mechanics on spray development from any in-engineeffects. The pressure chambers, experimental apparatus and techniques used tocharacterise and measure the spray properties are described along with an assessment ofany sources of variability in the measurement and analysis methodologies andhardware. Initial spray images of the spray produced by a range of multi-component“retail” fuels as well as single component non-oxygenated and oxygenatedhydrocarbons with a range of boiling ranges and points for different injector body (andhence assumed fuel) temperatures and chamber gas pressures are presented. Theexperimental measurements show the strong interaction between the operationalconditions in relation to the fuel properties and the physical spray form. A large amountof deviation from the nominal “ambient” spray form is observed for conditions wherethe fuel’s bubble point (boiling temperature at given gas pressure) is exceeded by amultiple of 10, termed spray collapse. The dependence of a multi-component fuel on theboiling characteristics of its highest volatility components suggest that it is thesecomponents which drive the fuel spray development formation, which is furtherillustrated by comparing different single component fluids. This suggests that highervolatility fluids are better representatives of full range, multi-component fuels formodelling or other investigative work when a single component fuel is required to beused. The onset of spray collapse was found to be gradual with no sudden “threshold”condition at which collapse occurred, also illustrated by a gradual reduction in measuredspray droplet size with increasing injector body temperature and/or reducing gaspressure. The physical factors affecting spray development and break-up, and theireffects are examined including the fluid flow inside a real size transparent, opticallyaccessed nozzle, illustrating the effect of cavitation supplying nucleation sites for thesubsequent vaporisation of the fuel. The scales of local air turbulence are found to affectthe local vapour concentration, and hence vaporisation rate, and hence the interaction ofthese factors is shown to determine the spray formation." @default.
- W2101712700 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2101712700 date "2011-06-28" @default.
- W2101712700 modified "2023-09-28" @default.
- W2101712700 title "Factors affecting the development of sprays produced by multihole injectors for direct-injection engine applications" @default.
- W2101712700 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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