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- W2102955372 abstract "Baclofen is a racemic GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor agonist that has a number of significant pharmacokinetic limitations, including a narrow window of absorption in the upper small intestine and rapid clearance from the blood. Arbaclofen placarbil is a novel transported prodrug of the pharmacologically active <i>R</i>-isomer of baclofen designed to be absorbed throughout the intestine by both passive and active mechanisms via the monocarboxylate type 1 transporter. Arbaclofen placarbil is rapidly converted to <i>R</i>-baclofen in human and animal tissues in vitro. This conversion seems to be primarily catalyzed in human tissues by human carboxylesterase-2, a major carboxylesterase expressed at high levels in various tissues including human intestinal cells. Arbaclofen placarbil was efficiently absorbed and rapidly converted to <i>R</i>-baclofen after oral dosing in rats, dogs, and monkeys. Exposure to <i>R</i>-baclofen was proportional to arbaclofen placarbil dose, whereas exposure to intact prodrug was low. Arbaclofen placarbil demonstrated enhanced colonic absorption, i.e., 5-fold higher <i>R</i>-baclofen exposure in rats and 12-fold higher in monkeys compared with intracolonic administration of <i>R</i>-baclofen. Sustained release formulations of arbaclofen placarbil demonstrated sustained <i>R</i>-baclofen exposure in dogs with bioavailability up to 68%. In clinical use, arbaclofen placarbil may improve the treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, spasticity, and numerous other conditions by prolonging exposure and decreasing the fluctuations in plasma levels of <i>R</i>-baclofen." @default.
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- W2102955372 date "2009-06-05" @default.
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- W2102955372 title "Arbaclofen Placarbil, a Novel <i>R</i>-Baclofen Prodrug: Improved Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Elimination Properties Compared with <i>R</i>-Baclofen" @default.
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- W2102955372 doi "https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.108.149773" @default.
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