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• W2103298978 abstract "The thermoregulatory response to cold water immersion was studied in humans exposed to compressed air, and nitrous oxide. A total of 49 healthy subjects of both genders participated in 79 immersions in 4 different studies. Results demonstrate that a compressed air environment of 6 atmospheres absolute pressure (ata), corresponding to 50.4 meters of sea water, significantly increased the rate of cooling of the body core in subjects immersed in 15•‹C water. Despite the increased rate of cooling, subjects perceived immersion in a hyperbaric environment as thermally more comfortable than at 1 ata. This suggests, that not only the autonomic response to cold but also perception of thermal comfort is affected in a hyperbaric environment. It was also shown that 100% oxygen breathing did not significantly alter the thermoregulatory response in subjects immersed in 20•‹C water at 1 ata. Since oxygenper se did not affect the thermoregulatory response, the increased cooling rate and improved thermal comfort at 6 ata were attributed to the nitrogen narcosis associated with compressed air breathing. When subjects inspired air at 1, 3, 5 ata and 30% nitrous oxide (N20) at 1 ata while immersed in 15•‹C water, the core temperature precipitating the onset of shivering and the perception of thermal comfort were both related to the degree of narcosis. With an increase in narcotic potency of the breathing gas (measured as the partial pressure of N2 and N20), a decrease in shivering threshold and an improved perception of thermal comfort was observed. There was no change in metabolic gain, A V O ~ I A T ~ ~ , (where A ~0~ and ATes represent the change in oxygen consumption and the change in esophageal temperature respectively) in 3 and 5 ata air, but the gain was depressed in the 30% N20 condition. A linear regression model based on body physique, water temperature and the narcotic potency of the breathing gas was developed for predicting cooling rates during diving. To identifjl the anthropometric measures which would give the best prediction of the core cooling rate, 43 raw and derived anthropometric measures fiom 49 subjects were subjected to regression analysis. The 4 anthropometric measures which together gave the best prediction were: medial calf skinfold thickness, medial calf girth, acromial height and tibia1 height. The linear regression model derived in this way was compared with a non linear model developed using an artificial neural network (ANN) having the same input variables. The non linear model did not perform better than the linear regression model. Using the experimental data a regression model was also developed to predict the survival time of nude humans during head out immersion in cold water, based on body physique and water temperature." @default.
• W2103298978 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2103298978 creator A5057030199 @default.
• W2103298978 date "1996-01-01" @default.
• W2103298978 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2103298978 title "Human thermoregulatory responses to cold water immersion during compressed air and nitrous oxide narcosis" @default.
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• W2103298978 hasPublicationYear "1996" @default.
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