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• W2103338146 abstract "Abstract Aim We ask empirically how the strength of the three major interactions – predation, competition and mutualism – changes with increasing island area. We review and expand current theory concerning these relationships. Location Data for evaluating this question come from several B ahamian archipelagos and involve both experiments and observations. The latter can be especially long term; in one case data were collected over a 17‐year period. Methods We analyse the effect size of the following interactions across a range of island areas: (1) predation by lizards on spiders, (2) competition between two lizard species, (3) competition between two spider species, (4) ant–plant mutualism, and (5) plant–pollinator mutualism. Results Effect sizes for predation and competition mostly show a hump‐shaped relationship with island area. Effect sizes for ant–plant mutualism were reduced on large islands compared with smaller islands. Germination rate showed a steady increase with island area which we infer to be caused by an increase in pollinator limitation on smaller islands. Main conclusions We argue that the effect size–area relation has rather similar aetiologies for predation, competition and to a somewhat lesser extent ant–plant mutualism. Specifically, we suggest that high species diversity, top predators, plant defences and (for predation and competition) spatial heterogeneity with respect to refuges or resource use reduce effect size on large islands, while harsh abiotic conditions, marine subsidies and stochastic events reduce effect size on small islands. Thus, for these interaction types, the greatest effect sizes are observed on intermediate‐sized islands. For plant–pollinator mutualism we suggest that the monotonic increase in effect size with increasing island area is the result of interaction strength being enhanced, rather than weakened, by diversity." @default.
• W2103338146 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2103338146 date "2015-03-31" @default.
• W2103338146 modified "2023-10-03" @default.
• W2103338146 title "Variation in ecological interaction strength with island area: theory and data from the <scp>B</scp> ahamian archipelago" @default.
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• W2103338146 doi "https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12297" @default.
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