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- W2103812210 abstract "The transformation kinetics of ferrous weld metals has been investigated as a function of austenite grain size, alloy content, and inclusion characteristics. Two series of weld metals were studied, designated low and high B–Ti content. Aluminium and calcium additions were made to each weld series to change the inclusion characteristics. Austenite grain size variations were achieved by thermally cycling in a dilatometer to different peak temperatures. The transformation temperature and microstructural changes, and the soluble boron levels of the thermally cycled weld metals, have been quantified. The factors influencing the competing processes of grain boundary and intragranular ferrite nucleation at selected austenite grain sizes have been assessed. The results imply that different types of inclusion have different free energy barriers to ferrite nucleation. The balance of nucleation is shifted from the austenite grain boundaries to the intragranular regions and acicular ferrite formation is greatly increased above a critical austenite grain size, depending on the weld metal alloy content and inclusion type. In low B–Ti content deposits with predominantly galaxite inclusions, the critical austenite grain size is ~60 μm. In high B–Ti content weld metals with extensive TiO and/or TiN on the surface of MnOSiO2 or galaxite inclusions, the value is ~20 μm. The work indicates that calcium bearing inclusions and MnOSiO2 glassy inclusions have a high free energy barrier to ferrite nucleation. Although γ Al2O3 inclusions may constitute an important catalyst phase for acicular ferrite formation, their presence results in a rapid increase in ferrite sideplate volume fraction. This is attributed to soluble aluminium retarding ferrite transformation during cooling to below the bainite start temperature. The growth of bainite laths then limits acicular ferrite formation.MST/1800" @default.
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- W2103812210 date "1994-02-01" @default.
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- W2103812210 title "Transformation kinetics of ferrous weld metals" @default.
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- W2103812210 doi "https://doi.org/10.1179/mst.1994.10.2.110" @default.
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