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• W2106129318 abstract "Before breeding, hole nesting birds face the problem of the presence of old nest material from previous seasons in their nest sites. This material fills the cavity, making it shallower, resulting in greater brood vulnerability to preda- tors, as well as creating good conditions for ecto- parasite development. As a consequence, this may negatively affect many breeding parameters of hole nesters. However, adult birds may compen- sate the effect of blood sucking ectoparasites by increasing their feeding rates. It is known that the European Starling Sturnus vulgaris L. can deepen its nest site by removing old nest material. There- fore, a study was conducted to find out whether the presence of old nest material influences ec- toparasite abundance in newly built nests, repro- ductive parameters, as well as nestlings' body pa- rameters and feeding rates in this species. An experiment with nestboxes was carried out in two forested areas. Two groups of nestbox- es were prepared - one contained old nests from the previous breeding season, and the other group was with old nests removed. During the breeding season, data on Starling reproduction were collected, i.e. laying dates, clutch size and number of fledglings. Nestling body parameters were measured on the 6th, 9th, 13th and 17th days of their lives. On the 10th and 15th days of nestling life, the number of feedings was counted over a period of 30 minutes. Nests were collected and analyzed for the presence of ectoparasites. It was found that the average number of ec- toparasites, both fleas and mites, was greater in nests built on old nest material, and that this number was highly correlated. In further analysis, two possible effects on reproductive output were investigated separately: the presence of old nest material and the abundance of ectoparasites. Clutch size and number of fledglings were smaller in broods from nestboxes containing old nest material, but there was no such relationship to laying dates and nestlings' body parameters (weight, tarsus and wing length). The number of feeding trips on the 10th day of nestling life was higher in cleaned nestboxes, but a similar level was achieved by the 15th day in both groups of nestboxes. It was found that ectoparasite abun- dance did not influence any of the studied param- eters of Starling reproduction, i.e. breeding, nest- lings' physical condition or number of feedings. This confirmed earlier findings that ectopar- asite infestation at a natural level does not affect Starlings' breeding. It seems that the negative ef- fect of the presence of old nest material in nest sites is connected to the costs of site preparation and old nest material removal, which are borne by the females." @default.
• W2106129318 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2106129318 creator A5062315317 @default.
• W2106129318 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W2106129318 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W2106129318 title "Effect of old nest material in nestboxes on ectoparasites abundance and reproductive output in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris L.)" @default.
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