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- W2107641014 abstract "After completing this article, readers should be able to: 1. Compare the rates of vertical human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) transmission in industrialized and nonindustrialized countries.2. Describe the antiretroviral regimens being investigated to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.3. List barriers to implementation of prevention programs in resource-poor countries.4. Describe the impact of feeding choices on vertical transmission of HIV-1.Globally, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 pandemic continues to advance at an alarming rate. The latest estimates from the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS indicate that approximately 34.7 million people worldwide were infected with HIV-1 at the end of 2000 (Table 1⇓).1 More than 95% of the global total of HIV-infected individuals live in the developing world, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa. The pediatric HIV-1 epidemic is driven by maternal HIV-1 infection, with the vast majority of infants acquiring infection from their mothers. Limited data from countries in sub-Saharan Africa show that HIV-1 seroprevalence rates among women of childbearing age have exceeded 25% in many urban populations.2 With an estimated 2.4 million infected women giving birth annually, 600,000 children worldwide acquired HIV-1 infection during 2000 alone, primarily through mother-to-child transmission. Current estimates suggest that more than 1,600 infants become infected with HIV-1 each day.1View this table: Table 1. Global Disease Burden Associated with HIV-1 Infection (December 2000)1Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 is a major public health challenge in many resource-poor countries. Important issues include limited access to antenatal care and HIV-1 testing and counseling services as well as postnatal HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding. Poor funding, social and cultural norms, and lack of political power compound the dilemma further. This article examines current understanding of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in resource-poor countries, with particular emphasis on transmission through human milk. In addition, results of recent antiretroviral and nonantiretroviral intervention trials …" @default.
- W2107641014 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2107641014 date "2001-04-01" @default.
- W2107641014 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2107641014 title "Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1: An International Perspective" @default.
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- W2107641014 doi "https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.2-4-e75" @default.
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