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- W2107969673 abstract "This study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospital (UTH), in Lusaka, Zambia.To monitor the seroprevalence of HIV type-1 in children with tuberculosis and to evaluate the response to anti-tuberculosis therapy using a thioacetazone-free treatment regimen.A prospective cross-sectional study of all consecutive newly diagnosed cases of TB in children from 1 month-15 years of age seen at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) in Lusaka, Zambia between 1 October 1991 and 31 May 1992.120 children with a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis and 167 controls were enrolled in the study. The overall HIV type-1 seroprevalence rate in children with tuberculosis was 55.8% (67/120) compared to 9.6% (16/167) amongst the control group (P < 0.0001: odds ratio = 11.50; 95% CI = 5.99-22.7). Common clinical presentations among children with TB were bronchopneumonia (45/162), miliary TB (30/162) and tuberculous lymphadenopathy (21/33). There were no significant differences in clinical presentation of TB between the HIV-negative and HIV-positive groups. The follow-up of those patients with tuberculosis was poor, with only 65 patients (55%) returning to the clinic for scheduled appointments after discharge. All the 16 patients who died did so within 60 days of discharge from hospital; all of them were seropositive for HIV. There were no deaths among the HIV-negative group. Despite the exclusion of thioacetazone from the treatment regimen, cutaneous reactions occurring within 8 weeks of commencing treatment were observed in 7 of the 65 (11%) patients, 2 of whom developed fatal Stevens-Johnson syndrome. All 7 patients were seropositive for HIV-1.The seroprevalence rate of HIV type-1 among children with tuberculosis in Lusaka continues to rise; careful monitoring of anti-TB therapy (even in regimens excluding thioacetazone) for potentially lethal side effects should be carried out." @default.
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- W2107969673 date "1994-04-01" @default.
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- W2107969673 title "Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection in zambian children with tuberculosis: changing seroprevalance and evaluation of a thioacetazone-free regimen" @default.
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- W2107969673 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/0962-8479(94)90039-6" @default.
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