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- W2109184840 abstract "The damaging impact of environmental mutagens and toxicants of natural or industrial origin on the health and well being of higher plants, animals, and the overall ecology of our biosphere has been documented and is no longer speculative. Many biological assay systems have been developed to assess the mutagenicity of aqueous and particulate compounds, but few are efficient for gaseous compounds. To fulfill the need for monitoring ambient airborne chemicals, the Tradescantia stamen hair system has been adapted for use in a mobile laboratory. Controlled laboratory exposures of Tradescantia flower buds to several gaseous mutagens were positive with significant responses at <0.1 ppm of 1,2-dibromoethane. Mutational response increases linearly with the duration of expo-sure up to about 21 days for both physical (radiation) and chemical mutagens. Hence, the stamen hair system achieves its greatest sensitivity with chronic exposures typical of those in populated areas near industrial pollution sources.A mobile monitoring vehicle was assembled utilizing controlled environment growth chambers for both ambient air fumigations and concurrent clean-air control exposures. Industrial sites monitored by the mobile laboratory were selected because of known increased coincidence of human cancer and/or high levels of pollutants in the vicinity. The mobile laboratory traveled more than 12,000 miles and monitored the ambient air downwind from 14 different industrial sites throughout the United States. The ambient air at all sites near petroleum refineries gave positive mutagenicresponses in the Tradescantia stamen hairs ranging from an increase over background of from 16.6 to 90.6 percent. Smelters and chemical industries showed more varied responses from 4.8 to 51.4 percent increases above background. Preliminary analyses indicate that the highest biological activity was associated with the highest levels of vapor-phase organics, especially at the New Jersey site." @default.
- W2109184840 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2109184840 date "1983-01-01" @default.
- W2109184840 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2109184840 title "Mutagenicity of Ambient Air at Selected Sites in the United States Using Tradescantia as a Monitor" @default.
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- W2109184840 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3566-5_9" @default.
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