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• W2110125986 abstract "N tumors (NETs) of the pancreas are relatively uncommon tumors that account for 1-2% of all pancreatic neoplasms.1 The peak incidence is from ages 30-60 years, although cases have been described at all ages.2,3 These tumors originate predominantly from the pancreatic islets of langerhans and are thus known as islet cell tumors,3,4 or can arise from the multipotent ductular stem cells.4 The NETs are commonly associated with clinical syndromes directly related to a hormone secreted by the tumor. These functional tumors are classified based on the hormones they produce and the associated endocrine syndrome. The precise localization of NETs is of major importance because surgical resection is the only curative treatment. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) uses the technology of endoscopy to introduce high-frequency ultrasound probes in the upper, or lower part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to visualize its wall and adjacent structures. The EUS is proven to be a highly accurate clinical diagnostic tool for the diagnosis, staging, and optimal management of pancreatic neoplasms, including NETs,5 which allows the detection of lesions that measure less than one cm. The EUS is also used to evaluate the extent of lesions in the adjacent lymph nodes. The EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) provides physicians with the cytologic diagnosis of such lesions with a sensitivity, and specificity approaching 98% and 100%. The EUS-guided FNA is also minimally invasive; with a low complication rate. The EUS-FNA does not require general anesthesia, or hospitalization. The objective of this report was to reaffirm the diagnostic importance of EUS-FNA in the evaluation of pancreatic NETs, and describe the cytopathologic and immunocytochemical features of NETs obtained by EUS-FNA. Six patients with pancreatic NETs were diagnosed by EUS-FNA cytology between May 2007 and June 2010 at the King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The patient’s charts were reviewed, and clinical information obtained. All patients were referred for EUS-guided FNA examination for suspicion of pancreatic masses/ nodules. All included cases had confirmative diagnosis either by cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings, or by subsequent surgical excision. Cases with no adequate cytomorphologic material/features or confirmative surgical samples were excluded. All cytology specimens, and cell block procedures were performed in the endoscopy suite. The aspirated samples were assessed immediately by an on-site cytotechnologist in all cases. The aspirated material was smeared onto slides, and smear preparation was followed by either air drying for Diff-Quick staining, or immediate fixation in 95% ethanol for subsequent Papanicolaou staining methods. Additional aspirated material was obtained for cell block preparation, fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, and processed for routine histologic examination using standard techniques. On average, 3, or 4 passes finally were performed to obtain diagnostic material. Immunocytochemical stains were performed on cell block preparations to determine neuroendocrine differentiation. For this purpose, 5-mm sections were cut, deparaffinized, and mounted on pre coated slides. The following antibodies were used for immunocytochemistry (ICC) studies, all from Novocastra, Newcastle, UK: synaptophysin, chromogran, CD56, and cytokeratin (CK). Occasionally, for differential diagnosis, the following antibodies were obtained, CK7, CK20, Progesteron, B-catenin, Ecadherin, CD10, and Vimentin." @default.
• W2110125986 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2110125986 date "2010-11-01" @default.
• W2110125986 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2110125986 title "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the evaluation of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms." @default.
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