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- W2110625766 abstract "Anandamide (=N-arachidonoylethanolamine) is the first discovered endocannabinoid, and belongs to the class of bioactive, long-chain N-acylethanolamines (NAEs). In animal tissues, anandamide is principally formed together with other NAEs from glycerophospholipid by two successive enzymatic reactions: 1) N-acylation of phosphatidylethanolamine to generate N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) by Ca2+-dependent N-acyltransferase; 2) release of NAE from NAPE by a phosphodiesterase of the phospholipase D type (NAPE-PLD). Although these anandamide-synthesizing enzymes were poorly understood until recently, our cDNA cloning of NAPE-PLD in 2004 enabled molecular-biological approaches to the enzymes. NAPE-PLD is a member of the metallo-beta-lactamase family, which specifically hydrolyzes NAPE among glycerophospholipids, and appears to be constitutively active. Mutagenesis studies suggested that the enzyme functions through a mechanism similar to those of other members of the family. NAPE-PLD is widely expressed in animal tissues, including various regions in rat brain. Its expression level in the brain is very low at birth, and remarkably increases with development. Analysis of NAPE-PLD-deficient mice and other recent studies revealed the presence of NAPE-PLD-independent pathways for the anandamide formation. Furthermore, calcium-independent N-acyltransferase was discovered and characterized. In this article, we will review recent progress in the studies on these enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of anandamide and other NAEs." @default.
- W2110625766 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2110625766 creator A5013698975 @default.
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- W2110625766 creator A5074846669 @default.
- W2110625766 date "2007-08-21" @default.
- W2110625766 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2110625766 title "Biosynthetic Pathways of the Endocannabinoid Anandamide" @default.
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- W2110625766 doi "https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200790155" @default.
- W2110625766 hasPubMedId "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17712822" @default.
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