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• W2111991704 abstract "espanolEl termino trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) agrupa cinco cuadros clinicos segun el DSM-IV-TR, ocho si seguimos la Clasificacion CIE-10 de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud. Todos ellos se caracterizan por dificultades cualitativas de interaccion social, con falta de empatia y reciprocidad social, incapacidad para reconocer y responder a gestos y expresiones, dificultades en la comunicacion y falta de flexibilidad en razonamientos y comportamientos, con un repertorio restringido, estereotipado y repetitivo de actividades e intereses. Se trata de un trastorno prevalente, que predomina en varones y cuyos sintomas por lo general son evidentes entre los 18 y los 24 meses de edad; pese a ello es habitual que ocurra retraso en el diagnostico. Desde Atencion Primaria se ha de promover una intervencion precoz mediante la vigilancia longitudinal del DPM, la realizacion de cribado sistematico entre los 18-24 meses de edad (M-CHAT) y considerando especialmente las preocupaciones expresadas por los padres como importante signo de alarma. El diagnostico definitivo sera llevado a cabo por un equipo multidisciplinar experto en los TEA que emplearan herramientas diagnosticas mas especificas como ADI-R y ADOS. Existe evidencia de que las intervenciones son mas efectivas cuando se inician precozmente, entre los 2 y los 4 anos de edad. Ademas de lo anterior se han de atender los problemas medicos asociados, conocer las intervenciones farmacologicas y no farmacologicas para los comportamientos problematicos y ofrecer formacion y apoyo a las familias, las cuales han de conocer la existencia de terapias controvertidas, no sustentadas en evidencias cientificas, a fin de que actuen con cautela frente a las mismas. EnglishThe term, autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) groups 5 clinical conditions according to the DSM-IV-TR, eight if we follow the ICD-10 Classification of the World Health Organisation. All of them are characterised by qualitative social interaction difficulties, with lack of empathy and social reciprocity, inability to recognise and respond to gestures or expressions, communication difficulties, lack of flexibility in reasoning and behaviour, with a restricted, stereotyped and repetitive activities and interests. It is a prevalent disorder, which predominates in males and the symptoms are generally evident between 18 and 24 months of age, this being a reason for the delay in diagnosis. An early intervention program must be introduced to monitor PSD over the longterm, performing systematic screening between 18-24 months of age ( M-CHAT) and in particular, taking into account the concerns expressed by the parents as an important sign of alarm. The definitive diagnosis will be made by a multidisciplinary team expert in ASD, who will use more specific diagnostic tools like ADI-R and ADOS. There is evidence that interventions are more effective when started early, between 2 and 4 years of age. As well as all this, the associated medical problems have to be attended to. We must know the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for problematic behaviours, and offer training and support ,to the families, who should be aware of controversial treatments, not supported by scientific evidence, so that they may act with caution with those." @default.
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• W2111991704 date "2009-12-01" @default.
• W2111991704 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
• W2111991704 title "Trastornos del espectro autista: Detección precoz, herramientas de cribado" @default.
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• W2111991704 doi "https://doi.org/10.4321/s1139-76322009000700009" @default.
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