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- W2112977667 abstract "Much of the epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum in Sub-Saharan Africa focuses on the prevalence patterns of asexual parasites in people of different ages, whereas the gametocytes that propagate the disease are often neglected. One expected benefit of the widespread introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapy for malaria is a reduction in gametocyte carriage. However, the factors that affect the transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes show complex dynamics in relation to the intensity and seasonality of malaria transmission, and thus such benefits might not be automatic. Here, we review data on gametocyte carriage in the context of the development of naturally acquired immunity and population infectivity. Much of the epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum in Sub-Saharan Africa focuses on the prevalence patterns of asexual parasites in people of different ages, whereas the gametocytes that propagate the disease are often neglected. One expected benefit of the widespread introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapy for malaria is a reduction in gametocyte carriage. However, the factors that affect the transmission of parasites from humans to mosquitoes show complex dynamics in relation to the intensity and seasonality of malaria transmission, and thus such benefits might not be automatic. Here, we review data on gametocyte carriage in the context of the development of naturally acquired immunity and population infectivity. the proportion of a population that harbours asexual blood-stage parasites, most commonly determined by microscopy. in this context, the binding of parasite-infected erythrocytes to human host endothelial cells. a developmental form of the malaria parasite in the blood in which merozoites (the stages that invade red blood cells) are formed. the sexual reproductive stage of the malaria parasite. Female (macro-) and male (micro-) gametocytes circulate in the blood stream, are picked up by the Anopheles mosquito, and undergo gamete formation and fertilization in the midgut of the mosquito. the number of gametocytes in gametocyte carriers the proportion of a population that harbours gametocytes, also most commonly assessed by microscopy. the process of generation of gametocytes from asexual precursors. antimalarial treatment of target group (infants, children or pregnant women) regardless of infection daughter cells formed at two stages in the life cycle of the malaria parasite by asexual division Liver-stage and blood-stage malaria parasites develop into schizonts, which contain many merozoites. When the schizonts are mature, they (and their host cells) rupture; the merozoites are released and infect red blood cells. cysts containing sporozoites, which are formed after fertilization and are located on the mosquito outer midgut wall. When mature, the oocysts rupture and release the sporozoites. the proportion of individuals with asexual parasites who also have sexual-stage gametocytes. young erythrocytes. the asexual reproductive stage of malaria parasites, in which multiple nuclear divisions are followed by formation of a daughter cell (merozoite) around each nucleus. Schizogony takes place both in red blood cells and in infected liver cells. the infective stage of the malaria parasite, which is injected into the human host from the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites are delicate and spindle-shaped stages that are released into the haemocoel of the mosquito when the oocyst ruptures. Most eventually find their way to the salivary glands of the mosquito. Sporozoites infect liver cells, disappearing from the bloodstream within 30 minutes. a developmental form during the blood stage of malaria parasites. After merozoites have invaded the red blood cell, they develop into trophozoites (early trophozoites are sometimes called ‘rings’ or ‘ring-stage parasites’); trophozoites develop into schizonts." @default.
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- W2112977667 date "2006-09-01" @default.
- W2112977667 modified "2023-09-29" @default.
- W2112977667 title "The epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes: weapons of mass dispersion" @default.
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- W2112977667 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2006.07.001" @default.
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