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• W2113459502 abstract "It is estimated that 54% of the wetlands present in the U.S. at the time of settlement have been lost to anthropogenic causes (Kelly, 2001). Losses in some states, including Ohio, approach 90% of original wetlands (Dahl, 1995). High percentages of wetland losses have resulted in a greater awareness of wetland function, such as flood water retention, base flow augmentation, and water quality maintenance (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000). Acknowledgement of the importance of wetlands to our environment has resulted in the implementation of wetland protection policies (Bishel-Machung et al., 1996). Under §401 and §404 of the Clean Water Act, United States policy requires developers to replace the wetlands they destroy in the process of building through compensatory mitigation. Wetland policy assumes parity of created and natural wetlands; however, there is evidence that created wetlands do not function as self-sustaining wetlands (National Research Council, 2001), causing concern that created wetlands are not adequate replacements for natural wetlands (Roberts, 1993; Mitsch and Wilson, 1996; Ehrenfeld and Toth, 1997; Cole and Brooks, 2000). Failures of created wetlands to compare to natural wetlands have been partially attributed to a lack of developed soils in created wetlands (Bishel-Machung et al. 1996; Stolt et al., 2000; Cole et al., 2001; Campbell et al., 2002). Soils have been described as “the physical foundation of every wetland ecosystem” (Stolt et al., 2000). They have tremendous importance in wetland function, as most biogeochemical processes and nutrient storage occur in the soil layers (Mitsch and Gosselink, 2000; Stolt et al., 2000). Nutrient cycling drives the wetland system, especially vegetative communities which are often used as indicators to determine wetland “success” (see Mitsch and Wilson, 1996). Mitsch and Wilson (1996) attribute the lack of success of created wetlands to an inadequate understanding of natural development and self-design of wetlands. The goal of this study was to evaluate soil development in two 10year-old created wetlands at the Olentangy River Wetland Research Park by addressing three specific questions: 1) are soils influenced by proximity to point source inflow, 2) how do the soil properties differ between created wetlands and upland areas, and 3) are wetland soils changing over time? In order to answer our questions, we compared bulk densities, soil moisture content, and organic matter content of wetland soils and upland soils, wetland soils from different locations throughout the wetlands, and data collected in 1993, 1995, and 2003." @default.
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• W2113459502 date "2004-12-09" @default.
• W2113459502 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2113459502 title "Spatial and temporal changes of soil properties in the experimentalwetlands in 2003" @default.
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