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- W2115826972 abstract "The presence of magnetic impurities in native niobium oxides have been confirmed by Point contact spectroscopy (PCT), SQUID magnetometry and Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). All niobium (Nb) samples displayed a small impurity contribution to the magnetic susceptibility at low temperatures which exhibited Curie-Weiss behavior, indicative of weakly coupled localized paramagnetic moments. By examining Nb samples with widely varying surface-to-volume ratios (rods, foils, wires, powders) it was found that the impurity contribution is correlated with surface area. Tunneling measurements which use the native oxide layers as barriers exhibit a zero-bias conductance peak which splits in a magnetic field <formula formulatype=inline xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink><tex Notation=TeX>$>$</tex> </formula> 4T, consistent with the Appelbaum-Anderson model <citerefgrp xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink><citeref refid=ref1/></citerefgrp> for spin flip tunneling. Viewed together the experiments strongly suggest that the native oxides of Nb are intrinsically defective, and consistently exhibit localized paramagnetic moments caused by oxygen vacancies in <formula formulatype=inline xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink><tex Notation=TeX>${rm Nb}_{2}{rm O}_{5}$</tex></formula> . The computation of the surface impedance <formula formulatype=inline xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink><tex Notation=TeX>$({rm R}_{rm s})$</tex></formula> in presence of magnetic impurities in the Shiba approximation reveals the saturation at low temperature of <formula formulatype=inline xmlns:mml=http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink><tex Notation=TeX>${rm R}_{rm s}$</tex></formula> , suggesting that magnetic impurities are responsible for the so-called residual resistance. These properties may have an impact on Nb based superconducting devices and shine a new light on the origin of the paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME)." @default.
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- W2115826972 date "2011-06-01" @default.
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- W2115826972 title "Evidence of Surface Paramagnetism in Niobium and Consequences for the Superconducting Cavity Surface Impedance" @default.
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- W2115826972 doi "https://doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2011.2107491" @default.
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