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• W2116281020 abstract "The sedimentary deposits and geomorphic features preserved in the Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain, southern Brazil, represent a significant record of late Quaternary climatic changes with its associated glacio-eustatic sea-level fluctuations. The sediments of the coastal plain belong to two major depositional systems - an alluvial fan system developed along the inner part of the coastal plain and a barrier-lagoon complex with four distinctive transgressive-regressive cycles seaward. The alluvial fan sediments were derived from igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian shield and from sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Parana Basin. Subsequently, they were reworked by four barrier- lagoon systems each representing a transgressive-regressive cycle. Each barrier probably originated at the landward limit of a transgression and was preserved due to regression of the shoreline forced by a glacio-eustatic sea-level fall. The four barrier-lagoon systems are believed to have formed during the last 400 ka assuming a correlation with the highstands represented by the last major peaks of the oxygen isotopic record. INTRODUCTION The Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain is an elongate (620 km) and wide (up to 100 km) physiographic province underlain by the Pelotas Basin. This basin, the southernmost of the Brazilian continental margin, has accumulated more than 10,000 m of mainly terrigenous sediments since its formation in the Early Cretaceous, when the South Atlantic began opening. The younger section of this sedimentary record is now exposed on the Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain and contains one of the most complete records of Brazilian coastal Quaternary sedimentation (Fig. 1). This paper summarizes knowledge about Rio Grande do Sul coastal plain sediments and suggests an evolutionary model for them during the Quaternary. PHYSICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SETTING OF THE STUDY AREA The coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul has a nearly straight shoreline between about 29° S and 34° S latitude. Covering an area of about 33,000 km 2 , this large lowland embraces a great number of coastal water bodies, some of them of large dimensions, such as the Patos Lagoon with an area of 10,000 km 2 and Mirim Lagoon with an area of 3,770 km 2 . At the northern end of the coastal plain the adjacent highlands consist of Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Parana Basin that locally reach 1,000 m. At the southern section, igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian shield form lower highlands. At present, all sandy sediments eroded from these highlands and transported by rivers to the coast are trapped in the coastal lagoons and other backbarrier environments and none reaches the oceanic shoreline. The climate of the region is temperate, humid, with an even distribution of rain throughout the year, averaging around 1300 mm. The coastal plain is dominated by a bimodal high-energy wind re- gime. The dominant wind comes from NE and is more active in spring and summer months. The secondary W-SW wind becomes more important in the autumn-winter months. The coast of Rio Grande do Sul is a wave-dominated microtidal coast with semidiurnal tides with a mean range of about 0.5 m. The region is affected by swell waves approaching from SE that produce a net northerly alongshore transport of sediment. Besides the swell action, sea waves from E and NE and episodic storm waves from E and SE control erosional and depositional processes along the seashore. The adjacent continental shelf has an average width of 150 km and the shelf break is situated at a depth of about 170 m. Bottom sediments on the shelf are predominantly terrigenous elastics with some biodetrital concentrations that seems to be mostly relic. COASTAL PLAIN DEPOSITIONAL SYSTEMS Alluvial fan system This system includes fades formed through sediment gravity flows and alluvial processes along the inner part of the coastal plain. The sediments consist of mass flow deposits in proximal regions (mainly massive debris flow and colluvial slide deposits) grading seaward into waterlaid fades associated to braided channels with cross-stratified sandy and gravelly deposits. The composition and texture of the alluvial fan fades mainly reflects the nature (relief and composition) of their primary source area. To the north, the fades" @default.
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• W2116281020 date "2000-01-01" @default.
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• W2116281020 title "LATE QUATERNARY GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF RIO GRANGE DO SUL COASTAL PLAIN, SOUTHERN BRAZIL" @default.
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• W2116281020 doi "https://doi.org/10.5327/rbg.v30i3.855" @default.
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